Extrastriate Mechanisms of Visuospatial Perception During Eye Movements

项目总结 我们每天移动眼睛数千次，加起来有一个多小时是清醒的感觉。这些 眼球运动给大脑的视觉处理系统带来了相当大的困难，这必须抑制 由眼球运动引起的视觉场景的诱导运动，并提供稳定的视觉感觉 尽管存在这些不连续现象。视觉系统如何处理我们的大脑可能产生的破坏性后果 频繁的眼球运动是一个与我们日常视觉感知直接相关的问题，尤其是 到眼球运动异常或信息整合受损的障碍，如 精神分裂症、注意缺陷多动障碍和自闭症谱系障碍； 眼球运动中的信息在阅读中可能特别重要，而且可能会损害智力 阅读障碍等障碍。该提案的目标1开发了一种新的统计方法，能够产生 一种编码模型，它捕捉眼球运动时间周围神经敏感度的快速变化， 并将这一活动与感知读数联系起来。这种方法揭示了一种新的神经生理学 现象--对眼跳时间附近出现的刺激做出反应的持续活动-- 有助于整合跨扫视的视觉场景。在目标2中，我们应用相同的建模框架 关于眼跳前后视觉刺激位置的感知变化的现象，以及 在非人类灵长类动物中测量这种现象的行为。额叶眼场(FEF)活动的影响 对眼动过程中纹外神经元反应的调节进行了因果检验 目标中的药物操作3.心理物理、电生理、 这项提案中使用的计算和因果操作技术保证了前所未有的水平 洞察我们的大脑如何每秒三次主动重建视觉世界，为我们提供稳定的 眼球运动时视觉世界的感觉。

PROJECT SUMMARY We move our eyes thousands of times each day, adding up to over an hour of our waking perception. These eye movements create considerable difficulties for the brain’s visual processing system, which must suppress the induced motion of the visual scene caused by the eye movement and provide a stable visual perception despite these discontinuities. How the visual system deals with the potentially disruptive consequences of our frequent eye movements is a question with direct relevance for our everyday visual perception, and especially to disorders in which eye movements are abnormal or the integration of information is impaired, such as schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders; the integration of information across eye movements may be particularly important in reading, and potentially impaired in mental disorders such as dyslexia. Aim 1 of this proposal develops a novel statistical approach capable of producing an encoding model which captures the fast changes in neural sensitivity around the time of eye movements, and linking this activity to a perceptual readout. This approach reveals a novel neurophysiological phenomenon—persistent activity in response to stimuli appearing near the time of the saccade—which contributes to integrating the visual scene across saccades. In Aim 2, we apply the same modelling framework to the phenomenon of perceived changes in the location of visual stimuli around the time of saccades, and measure this phenomenon behaviorally in nonhuman primates. The impact of Frontal Eye Field (FEF) activity on the modulation of extrastriate neuronal responses during eye movements is causally tested using pharmacological manipulation in Aim 3. The combination of psychophysical, electrophysiological, computational, and causal manipulation techniques used in this proposal promises an unprecedented level of insight into how our brain actively reconstructs the visual world three times a second to provide us with a stable sense of the visual world during eye movements.