Extrastriate Mechanisms of Visuospatial Perception During Eye Movements

眼动过程中视觉空间感知的外在机制

• 批准号: 10376258
• 负责人: Neda Nategh
• 金额: $ 36.98万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10376258
• 关键词: Area; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavioral; Brain; Computer Models; Computing Methodologies; Data; Disease; Dyskinetic syndrome; Dyslexia; Electrophysiology (science); Exhibits; Eye; Eye Movements; Generations; Hour; Human; Impairment; Link; Location; Measures; Memory; Mental disorders; Methods; Modeling; Monkeys; Motion; Nature; Neurons; Parkinson Disease; Perception; Pharmacology; Physiological; Positioning Attribute; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Psychophysics; Reading; Retina; Role; Saccades; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Series; Signal Transduction; Source; Statistical Models; Stimulus; System; Techniques; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Vision; Vision Disorders; Visual; Visual Motion; Visual Perception; Visual system structure; Visuospatial; autism spectrum disorder; data-driven model; experimental study; extrastriate; extrastriate visual cortex; frontal eye fields; insight; neural circuit; neural patterning; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; nonhuman primate; novel; oculomotor; receptive field; relating to nervous system; response; retinal imaging; screening; visual information; visual processing; visual stimulus

PROJECT SUMMARY We move our eyes thousands of times each day, adding up to over an hour of our waking perception. These eye movements create considerable difficulties for the brain’s visual processing system, which must suppress the induced motion of the visual scene caused by the eye movement and provide a stable visual perception despite these discontinuities. How the visual system deals with the potentially disruptive consequences of our frequent eye movements is a question with direct relevance for our everyday visual perception, and especially to disorders in which eye movements are abnormal or the integration of information is impaired, such as schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders; the integration of information across eye movements may be particularly important in reading, and potentially impaired in mental disorders such as dyslexia. Aim 1 of this proposal develops a novel statistical approach capable of producing an encoding model which captures the fast changes in neural sensitivity around the time of eye movements, and linking this activity to a perceptual readout. This approach reveals a novel neurophysiological phenomenon—persistent activity in response to stimuli appearing near the time of the saccade—which contributes to integrating the visual scene across saccades. In Aim 2, we apply the same modelling framework to the phenomenon of perceived changes in the location of visual stimuli around the time of saccades, and measure this phenomenon behaviorally in nonhuman primates. The impact of Frontal Eye Field (FEF) activity on the modulation of extrastriate neuronal responses during eye movements is causally tested using pharmacological manipulation in Aim 3. The combination of psychophysical, electrophysiological, computational, and causal manipulation techniques used in this proposal promises an unprecedented level of insight into how our brain actively reconstructs the visual world three times a second to provide us with a stable sense of the visual world during eye movements.

项目概要 我们每天转动眼睛数千次，加起来我们清醒时的感知时间长达一个多小时。这些 眼球运动给大脑的视觉处理系统带来了相当大的困难，该系统必须抑制 由眼球运动引起的视觉场景的诱发运动，并提供稳定的视觉感知 尽管存在这些不连续性。视觉系统如何处理我们的潜在破坏性后果 频繁的眼球运动是一个与我们日常视觉感知直接相关的问题，尤其是 眼球运动异常或信息整合受损的疾病，例如 精神分裂症、注意力缺陷多动障碍和自闭症谱系障碍；的整合 眼球运动的信息对于阅读可能特别重要，并且可能会损害智力 阅读障碍等疾病。该提案的目标 1 开发了一种新颖的统计方法，能够产生 一种编码模型，可以捕获眼球运动期间神经敏感性的快速变化， 并将此活动与感知读数联系起来。这种方法揭示了一种新的神经生理学 现象——对眼跳时间附近出现的刺激做出反应的持续活动—— 有助于整合跨眼跳的视觉场景。在目标 2 中，我们应用相同的建模框架 眼跳期间视觉刺激位置的感知变化现象，以及 在非人类灵长类动物中测量这种现象的行为。额叶视野 (FEF) 活动的影响 使用以下方法对眼球运动过程中纹状体外神经元反应的调节进行因果测试 目标 3 中的药理学操作。心理物理学、电生理学、 该提案中使用的计算和因果操纵技术有望达到前所未有的水平 深入了解我们的大脑如何每秒三次主动重建视觉世界，为我们提供稳定的视觉体验 眼球运动时对视觉世界的感觉。