Extrastriate Mechanisms of Visuospatial Perception During Eye Movements

项目摘要 我们每天移动眼睛数千次，加起来超过一个小时的清醒感知。这些 眼球运动给大脑的视觉处理系统造成相当大的困难， 由眼睛运动引起的视觉场景的诱导运动，并提供稳定的视觉感知 尽管有这些不连续性。视觉系统如何处理我们的视觉系统的潜在破坏性后果？ 频繁的眼球运动是一个与我们日常视觉感知直接相关的问题，特别是 眼睛运动异常或信息整合受损的疾病，例如 精神分裂症、注意力缺陷多动障碍和自闭症谱系障碍; 跨越眼球运动的信息在阅读中可能是特别重要的， 比如阅读障碍。该提案的目标1开发了一种新的统计方法，能够产生 一种编码模型，它捕捉眼球运动前后神经灵敏度的快速变化， 并将这种活动与感知读数联系起来。这种方法揭示了一种新的神经生理学 这种现象--对在扫视时间附近出现的刺激作出反应的持续活动-- 有助于整合扫视中的视觉场景。在目标2中，我们采用相同的建模框架 在扫视的时间周围视觉刺激的位置的感知变化的现象，以及 在非人类灵长类动物的行为中测量这种现象。额叶视野（FEF）活动的影响 在眼动过程中的纹外神经元反应的调制的因果关系测试使用 目标3中的药理学操作。心理物理学，电生理学， 计算，和因果操纵技术在这个建议中使用的承诺前所未有的水平， 深入了解我们的大脑如何每秒三次积极重建视觉世界，为我们提供一个稳定的 在眼睛运动过程中对视觉世界的感觉。

PROJECT SUMMARY We move our eyes thousands of times each day, adding up to over an hour of our waking perception. These eye movements create considerable difficulties for the brain’s visual processing system, which must suppress the induced motion of the visual scene caused by the eye movement and provide a stable visual perception despite these discontinuities. How the visual system deals with the potentially disruptive consequences of our frequent eye movements is a question with direct relevance for our everyday visual perception, and especially to disorders in which eye movements are abnormal or the integration of information is impaired, such as schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders; the integration of information across eye movements may be particularly important in reading, and potentially impaired in mental disorders such as dyslexia. Aim 1 of this proposal develops a novel statistical approach capable of producing an encoding model which captures the fast changes in neural sensitivity around the time of eye movements, and linking this activity to a perceptual readout. This approach reveals a novel neurophysiological phenomenon—persistent activity in response to stimuli appearing near the time of the saccade—which contributes to integrating the visual scene across saccades. In Aim 2, we apply the same modelling framework to the phenomenon of perceived changes in the location of visual stimuli around the time of saccades, and measure this phenomenon behaviorally in nonhuman primates. The impact of Frontal Eye Field (FEF) activity on the modulation of extrastriate neuronal responses during eye movements is causally tested using pharmacological manipulation in Aim 3. The combination of psychophysical, electrophysiological, computational, and causal manipulation techniques used in this proposal promises an unprecedented level of insight into how our brain actively reconstructs the visual world three times a second to provide us with a stable sense of the visual world during eye movements.