Pathways and Processes to Co-occurring Obesity and Tobacco Use in Emerging Adults

新兴成年人同时发生肥胖和吸烟的途径和过程

• 批准号: 10377448
• 负责人: Haydee Isabella Lanza
• 金额: $ 11.06万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY LONG BEACH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10377448
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Biological Models; California; Chronic; Climacteric; Data; Development; Dimensions; Eating Behavior; Electronic cigarette; Employment; Enrollment; Esthesia; Ethnic Origin; Gender; Growth; Health; Healthcare Systems; High Prevalence; Impulsivity; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Learning; Link; Literature; Longevity; Mental Depression; Methods; Modeling; Neurocognitive; Obesity; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Persons; Physical activity; Play; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Probability Samples; Process; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Rewards; Risk; Role; Sampling; Self Management; Self-control as a personality trait; Social Behavior; Stress and Coping; Students; Surveys; System; Tobacco use; Universities; Weight; Work; binge drinking; biobehavior; cigarette smoking; college; critical period; deviant peer; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; follow-up; marijuana use; nutrition; perceived stress; psychologic; psychosocial; psychosocial adjustment; public health relevance; recruit; social; social anxiety; social exclusion; social relationships; social stigma; stressor; substance use; theories; undergraduate student; vaping; vapor; young adult

Abstract Obesity and tobacco use among adolescents and young adults remain two of the most pressing public health concerns in the U.S.; both are linked to pervasive declines across health domains. The transition from adolescence to young adulthood – emerging adulthood - presents a critical period for examining these health- risks; problematic substance use often emerges during this developmental stage and obesity status during this period is predictive of chronic obesity. Research on co-occurring obesity and substance use points to a strong link between obesity and tobacco use; however, the pathways and processes underlying this co-occurrence are unclear. Furthermore, it is unknown whether links between obesity and tobacco use extend to e- cigarette/vaping use, which has surged in popularity in the past decade. The current study seeks to identify developmental pathways and risk processes to co-occurring obesity and tobacco use (cigarette smoking, e- cigarette/vaping use) during emerging adulthood. The study aims to collect longitudinal health-risk survey data (five timepoints over two years) from a probability sample of N = 1,450 young adults (18-24 years) enrolled as undergraduates at California State University, Long Beach (CSULB). Participants will be recruited from randomly sampled classes and asked to complete five online surveys over a two-year period. The survey includes questions on weight status, nutrition, physical activity, self-regulation, social relationships, psychosocial adjustment, and substance use. Given that the transition from adolescence to young adulthood is characterized by significant life changes, along with neurocognitive and socio-emotional challenges, key aspects of Steinberg’s Dual-Systems Model, Rimal and Real’s Theory of Normative Social Behavior, and Lazarus and Folkman’s Transactional Model of Stress and Coping frame the study’s conceptual model. Key study aims include: (1) determine the extent to which obesity and tobacco use co-occur during emerging adulthood and identify the pathways (obesity → tobacco use; tobacco use → obesity) to co-occurrence; (2) identify processes underlying co-occurring obesity and tobacco use, including biobehavioral (impulsivity, sensation-seeking), socio-contextual (social acceptance, weight stigma, deviant peer affiliation), and psychosocial (depression, social anxiety, perceived stress) components; and (3) evaluate whether obese emerging adults from specific ethnic/gender groups are at higher or lower risk of engaging in cigarette smoking and/or e-cigarette/vaping use. As both obesity and tobacco use place severe burdens on the health care system, identifying pathways and processes by which obesity is related to tobacco use in emerging adulthood is likely to have significant implications for prevention and intervention efforts aimed at mitigating co-occurring health-risks earlier in the lifespan.

摘要 青少年和年轻人的肥胖和烟草使用仍然是两个最紧迫的公共卫生问题 美国的担忧;两者都与整个卫生领域的普遍下降有关。的过渡 青春期到青年期-成年初显期-是检查这些健康状况的关键时期， 风险;有问题的物质使用往往出现在这个发展阶段和肥胖状态在此期间， 经期是慢性肥胖的前兆。对同时发生的肥胖和物质使用的研究表明， 肥胖和烟草使用之间的联系;然而，这种共同发生的途径和过程 不清楚。此外，目前还不清楚肥胖和烟草使用之间的联系是否延伸到电子烟， 香烟/电子烟的使用，在过去十年中越来越受欢迎。目前的研究旨在确定 发展途径和风险过程共同发生的肥胖和烟草使用（吸烟，电子 吸烟/vaping使用）在成年期出现。这项研究旨在收集纵向健康风险调查数据 (five从N = 1，450名年轻成人（18-24岁）的概率样本中， 长滩的加州州立大学（CSULB）。参与者将被招募， 随机抽样班级，并要求在两年的时间内完成五项在线调查。调查 包括体重状况、营养、体育活动、自我调节、社会关系， 心理社会适应和药物使用考虑到从青春期到青年期的过渡是 以重大的生活变化为特征，沿着神经认知和社会情感挑战， Steinberg的双系统模型，Ryndle和真实的规范社会行为理论， Lazarus和Folkman的压力和应对的跨文化模型框架了研究的概念模型。关键 研究的目的包括：（1）确定肥胖和烟草使用在新生儿期共同发生的程度。 成年期，并确定共同发生的途径（肥胖→烟草使用;烟草使用→肥胖）;（2） 确定共同发生的肥胖和烟草使用的潜在过程，包括生物行为（冲动， 感觉寻求），社会背景（社会接受，体重耻辱，越轨的同伴关系），以及 心理社会（抑郁，社交焦虑，感知压力）成分;和（3）评估是否肥胖 来自特定种族/性别群体的新兴成年人吸烟的风险较高或较低 和/或电子烟/vaping使用。由于肥胖和烟草使用都给卫生保健带来了沉重的负担， 系统，确定肥胖与成年期烟草使用相关的途径和过程 可能会对旨在减轻并发症的预防和干预工作产生重大影响， 在生命早期的健康风险。