Tribal Reservation Adolescent Connections Study

部落保留青少年联系研究

• 批准号: 10381606
• 负责人: Jerreed Dean Ivanich
• 金额: $ 19.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-15 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10381606
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Alaska Native; American Indians; Area; Characteristics; Collaborations; Communities; Complex; Data; Development; Effectiveness; Environmental Risk Factor; Etiology; Exposure to; Family; Feeling suicidal; Geography; Health; Indian reservation; Individual; Interpersonal Relations; Intervention; Interview; Kinship Networks; Lead; Leadership; Link; Maintenance; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Modification; Outcome; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Plant Roots; Population; Prevention; Prevention approach; Prevention strategy; Preventive; Principal Investigator; Process; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Personnel; Reservations; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; Science; Social Network; Structure; Suicide; Surveys; Translating; Violence; Work; Youth; alcohol misuse; community engaged research; design; early onset substance use; experience; innovation; insight; intergenerational; multidisciplinary; northern plains; peer; preventive intervention; protective factors; resilience; social; social metrics; social relationships; substance misuse; substance use; suicidal behavior; suicidal risk; theories; tribal community; violence exposure; virtual

PROJECT SUMMARY American Indian (AI) youth demonstrate early initiation of substance use and subsequently high rates of substance misuse. One factor contributing to ongoing risk for these youth is the relative lack of prevention strategies that leverage contextual and cultural strengths to optimize effectiveness and sustainability. Rich cultural and traditional practices, including collateral kinship networks, make interpersonal relationships particularly vital for AI youth, but these networks are largely untapped in prevention approaches. Research in other populations demonstrates the role of social networks in both risk and resilience, but data on AI social networks is sparse and data on how networks relate to risk for early substance use virtually nonexistent. There are reasons to suspect that social network theories may require some adaptation for the culture and context of AI communities. To effectively inform interventions, we must first confirm which principles translate well and create new metrics where needed. This mixed-methods study will collect quantitative social network surveys and qualitative interviews with adolescents on a Northern Plains reservation to explore how these networks are structured and the principles under which they operate. Network characteristics will be examined in relation to substance use and related risk factors, most notably suicide and exposure to violence, to begin to understand how networks impact both risk and resilience. Network characteristics are likely to influence substance use, exposure to violence, and suicide risk in complex ways that are shared in both common and differential patterns. An explanatory sequential mixed method design (QUAN → Qual) will be used to accomplish two specific aims: Aim 1: Describe peer, kinship, and community social networks of AI adolescents. Hypothesis: Standard metrics of social networks will require modification to characterize social networks of AI adolescents; networks will have less homophily and more intergenerational and community relationships. Aim 2: Explore how social network characteristics predict risk and protective factors for substance use independently and in combination with violence and suicide. Hypothesis: Risk and protective characteristics of youth networks will be related in both common and unique ways to substance use, violence and suicidality. This project will be led by a multidisciplinary team of early stage Principal Investigators who are themselves American Indian and Alaska Native. These researchers have substantive expertise in substance use, exposure to violence and suicide among AIs, methodological expertise in community-engaged research with tribal communities, social network theory and analyses, and quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches. This project leadership team will be supported by a senior researcher with extensive experience in most of the areas relevant to this study and 18 years’ experience conducting research with the reservation where the study will take place.

项目摘要 美国印第安人（AI）青年表现出早期开始使用药物，随后的高比率 滥用药物导致这些青年持续面临风险的一个因素是相对缺乏预防措施 利用环境和文化优势优化有效性和可持续性的战略。丰富 文化和传统习俗，包括旁系亲属网络，使人际关系 这对AI青少年尤其重要，但这些网络在预防方法中基本上没有得到利用。研究 其他人群展示了社交网络在风险和弹性方面的作用，但人工智能社交网络的数据显示， 网络稀少，关于网络与早期使用药物风险之间关系的数据几乎不存在。那里 有理由怀疑，社会网络理论可能需要一些适应的文化和背景， AI社区为了有效地指导干预措施，我们必须首先确认哪些原则能够很好地转化， 在需要的地方创建新的指标。这项混合方法的研究将收集定量的社会网络调查 和定性访谈青少年的北方平原保留地，以探讨这些网络是如何 组织结构及其运作原则。网络特性将在以下方面进行研究： 物质使用和相关的风险因素，最主要的是自杀和接触暴力，开始了解 网络如何影响风险和复原力。网络特征可能影响药物使用， 暴露于暴力和自杀风险的复杂方式既有共同点，也有差异 模式.将使用解释性序贯混合方法设计（QUAN → Qual）完成两个 具体目标：目标1：描述人工智能青少年的同伴、亲属和社区社交网络。 假设：社交网络的标准指标需要修改，以表征人工智能的社交网络 青少年;网络将减少同质性，增加代际和社区关系。目的 2：探索社会网络特征如何预测物质使用的风险和保护因素 独立地或与暴力和自杀相结合。假设：风险和保护 青年网络的特点将以共同和独特的方式与药物使用、暴力、 和自杀倾向该项目将由一个多学科的早期主要研究者团队领导， 美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民。这些研究人员具有实质性的专业知识 使用，暴露于暴力和自杀的人工智能，在社区参与的研究方法的专业知识 部落社区，社会网络理论和分析，以及定量，定性和混合方法 接近。该项目领导团队将由一名具有丰富经验的高级研究员提供支持 在与本研究相关的大部分领域以及18年的保留地研究经验 研究将在哪里进行。