Effects of Aging on Cortical Excitability During Motor Learning

衰老对运动学习过程中皮质兴奋性的影响

• 批准号: 10385683
• 负责人: Joe Robert Nocera
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10385683
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Advisory Committees; Aerobic; Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Age; Aging; Area; Award; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Brain; Characteristics; Data; Effectiveness; Elderly; Enrollment; Equilibrium; Exercise; Exhibits; GABA Receptor; Hand; Intake; Intervention; Joints; Knowledge; Lead; Light; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Modality; Motor; Motor Cortex; Neural Inhibition; Neurologic; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotransmitter Receptor; Neurotransmitters; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Performance; Physical activity; Quality of life; Randomized; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Scanning; Stretching; System; Techniques; Training; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Translating; Upper Extremity; Veterans; Work; age effect; aging brain; cohort; critical period; dexterity; efficacious intervention; exercise intervention; exercise program; exercise regimen; functional loss; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; hand dysfunction; improved; indexing; intervention program; motor behavior; motor control; motor impairment; motor learning; motor rehabilitation; multimodality; neurophysiology; noninvasive brain stimulation; receptor; receptor function; receptor sensitivity; sedentary; senescence; young adult

The current proposal seeks quantify neural inhibition using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and transcranial magenetic stimulation (TMS) in older Veterans to identify how each measures contributes to aging-related changes in motor performance. Currently, over 56% (11.8 million) of Veterans are over age 60. Recent research has shown that aging is associated with decreased cortical inhibition and impaired hand motor function. However, this loss of inhibition is not an inescapable consequence of aging. Our previous work that healthy older adults who engage in regular physical activity show increased cortical inhibition and improved dexterity as compared to their sedentary age cohort. This indicates that aerobic training may reverse aging related changes in cortical inhibition and alteration of tonic levels of cortical excitability can have a powerful impact on motor performance in the aging brain. In the current proposal, we will enroll older adults to assess how different measurements (TMS and MRS) of the dominant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain – GABA differ in relation to motor control. During the MRS scan, participants will perform a motor learning task to assess change in GABA level throughout the acquisition session. These data will be compared with measures of cortical inhibition using TMS to quantify neurotransmitter receptor activity with respect to aging-related changes in motor performance. We will also be comparing the effects of an aerobic exercise intervention as compared to a contact matched stretching control. We believe this project is the first inquiry of its kind and will have an important impact in our understanding of aging-related neurophysiological changes in the brain and how we can remediate associated behavioral declines.

目前的建议寻求量化神经抑制使用磁共振光谱（MRS）和