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Ebola virus infection of the female reproductive system

埃博拉病毒感染女性生殖系统

基本信息

批准号：
10396086
负责人：
Alexander Niclas Freiberg
金额：
$ 23.7万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-04-21 至 2024-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10396086
关键词：
Abstinence Africa African Air Animal Model Automobile Driving Awareness Biochemical Biological Assay Blood Cell Differentiation process Cells Cessation of life Characteristics Chemotaxis Clinical Coitus Consent Counseling Data Democratic Republic of the Congo Development Disease Disease Outbreaks Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Ebola virus Environment Epithelial Epithelial Cells Experimental Models FDA approved Family Family member Filoviridae Infections Filovirus Flare Follow-Up Studies Goals Grant Human Immune Immune Targeting Immunocompetent In Vitro Inbred BALB C Mice Infection Inflammation Inflammation Mediators Inflammatory Response Interferons Knowledge Laboratories Lesion Liquid substance Mediating Methods Modeling Monitor Mus Onset of illness Pathogenesis Pathogenicity Pathway interactions Patient Isolation Predisposition Reporting Research Role Route Seminal fluid Severities Sex Behavior Sexual Transmission Sexually Transmitted Diseases Survivors Systemic infection Testing Therapeutic Time Tissues Vaccines Vagina Viral Genome Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Viral Pathogenesis Viremia Virus Virus Diseases Virus Replication Woman Work anti-viral efficacy condoms epidemiologic data exposure route female reproductive system genomic data human female human model in vitro Model in vivo in vivo Model male mathematical model microbicide mortality mouse model novel prevent programs prophylactic recruit response three-dimensional modeling transmission process viral transmission

项目摘要

SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Ebola virus (family Filoviridae) is the causative agent of Ebola virus disease (EVD), which is characterized by hemorrhagic fever in humans, reaching high mortality rates (≥40%). Sexual transmission of Ebola virus from a male survivor to a woman was first documented during the large 2014-2016 West African outbreak. Then this route of infection was reported to be likely responsible for multiple EBOV outbreak flare-ups between 2015 and 2016. Infectivity of the semen of survivors was later documented for at least 179 days after the onset of disease. Mathematical modelling of the contribution of sexual behavior in virus transmission during that same outbreak showed that abstinence, along with infectious patient isolation, could stop an outbreak. As of June 2nd, 2020, the on-going EBOV outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo describes 3463 cases with 2280 deaths, and there are no data available as to which route of infection is primarily responsible of transmission and the situational awareness of survivors to spread EVD. Recently, our group demonstrated that human vaginal epithelial cells are susceptible to infection with Ebola virus, support productive viral replication resulting in a robust proinflammatory response. Furthermore, we evaluated the antiviral efficacy of the vaginal Polyphenylene Carboxymethylene (PPCM) microbicide as a countermeasure and could show suppression of virus replication and virus-induced inflammatory response in these cells. Altogether, these facts support the critical need to develop new experimental models for this route of infection and therapeutics preventing virus transmission during unprotected sexual intercourse. Our long-term goal is to better understand sexual transmission of Ebola virus, and to identify prophylactic methods other than condoms. The objective in this proposal is to investigate Ebola virus pathogenesis in women following sexual transmission using a relevant in-vitro model of the human female reproductive system as well as a susceptible mouse model. Our central hypothesis is that the human female reproductive system is susceptible to Ebola virus infection leading to atypical clinical manifestations of EVD and laboratory characteristics compared to those observed after infection by Ebola virus using other more documented routes of infection. To interrogate our driving hypothesis, we propose the following Specific Aims: (1) Characterize Ebola virus infection and inflammation in-vitro using a model of the human vaginal epithelium cultured at air-liquid interface, (2) Establish an in-vivo model of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) following intravaginal virus challenge, and (3) Evaluate the protective antiviral efficacy of PPCM in-vitro and in-vivo. The proposed studies will develop novel models for research of filovirus pathogenicity and further develop PPCM as a microbicide for Ebola virus infection.

摘要/摘要埃博拉病毒（丝状病毒科）是埃博拉病毒病（EVD）的病原体，其特征是人类出血热，死亡率很高（≥40%）。埃博拉病毒通过性传播男性幸存者与女性幸存者的首次记录是在 2014-2016 年西非大规模疫情期间。那么这个据报道，感染途径可能是 2015 年至 2015 年间多次埃博拉病毒爆发的原因。 2016年。后来在疾病发作后至少179天内记录了幸存者精液的传染性。同一次疫情期间性行为在病毒传播中的贡献的数学模型研究表明，禁欲和隔离感染患者可以阻止疫情爆发。截至2020年6月2日，刚果民主共和国正在爆发埃博拉病毒，已有 3,463 例病例，其中 2,280 人死亡，目前尚无数据表明哪种感染途径是主要传播途径以及传播途径幸存者的态势感知以传播埃博拉病毒病。最近，我们的研究小组证明，人类阴道上皮细胞易受埃博拉病毒感染，支持有效的病毒复制，从而导致强烈的促炎反应。此外，我们评估了阴道聚苯撑的抗病毒功效羧亚甲基 (PPCM) 杀菌剂作为对策，可以抑制病毒复制以及病毒引起的这些细胞的炎症反应。总而言之，这些事实支持迫切需要为这种感染途径开发新的实验模型，并开发预防病毒传播的疗法无保护的性交。我们的长期目标是更好地了解埃博拉病毒的性传播，并确定预防措施避孕套以外的方法。该提案的目的是调查女性埃博拉病毒的发病机制还使用人类女性生殖系统的相关体外模型进行性传播作为易感小鼠模型。我们的中心假设是人类女性生殖系统易受埃博拉病毒感染导致埃博拉病毒病临床表现和实验室表现不典型与使用其他更有记录的途径感染埃博拉病毒后观察到的特征进行比较的感染。为了质疑我们的驾驶假设，我们提出以下具体目标：（1）表征使用培养的人类阴道上皮模型进行体外埃博拉病毒感染和炎症在气液界面，（2）阴道内注射后建立埃博拉病毒病（EVD）体内模型病毒攻击，(3) 评估 PPCM 体外和体内的保护性抗病毒功效。这拟议的研究将开发用于研究丝状病毒致病性的新模型，并进一步将 PPCM 开发为用于埃博拉病毒感染的杀菌剂。