Substance Use in Reservists: Social and Environmental Influences

预备役人员的药物使用：社会和环境影响

• 批准号: 10399084
• 负责人: Gregory G Homish
• 金额: $ 0.93万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10399084
• 关键词: Address; Alcohols; Communities; Conflict (Psychology); Data Analyses; Family; Feeling; Foundations; Funding; Guilt; Health; Illicit Drugs; Individual; Knowledge; Left; Life; Link; Measures; Mental Health; Military Personnel; Online Systems; Outcome; Positioning Attribute; Research; Risk; Sampling; Soldier; Spouses; Substance Addiction; Substance abuse problem; Survey Methodology; Surveys; Time; Tobacco; Veterans; Work; active duty; combat; cost; design; encryption; experience; improved outcome; intimate partner violence; misuse of prescription only drugs; satisfaction; service member; social; substance use; success; suicidal risk

Abstract This renewal application will build off of the success of the currently funded R01 by focusing on two highly prevalent, yet understudied, experiences: soldiers who have never deployed and those who are separating from the military. Substance abuse is one of the most common health problems among military personnel overall and tends to be even higher among reservists compared to active duty. Research on the military has focused on the effects of deployment and combat, yet a significant proportion of reserve soldiers are never deployed. Deployment is an important part of soldier identity; therefore, non-deployment may contribute to feelings of guilt and decreased connectedness with one’s unit, which, in turn, can increase risk for negative outcomes. For example, in a study of 1.3 million veterans, suicide risk was higher among veterans who had never deployed. Separation from the military can also be stressful for service members and their spouses, and may contribute to increased substance use. We have found cross-sectional evidence that former service members, compared to current reservists, have higher rates of substance use and dependence, and that both reservists who have left the military with negative health issues and their spouses are more approving of substance use than current reservists. Given our current project, we are uniquely positioned to examine changes in substance use and mental health among both soldiers and their spouses in our sample during the separation transition period. We propose three additional yearly assessments using an encrypted web-based survey. The scientific premise for this work is strong, building off of the on-going successful project and utilizing an adapted social ecological framework, specifically designed to address the military context. The use of validated and reliable measures, a proven survey methodology, and sophisticated longitudinal data analysis demonstrate a high level of rigor. We propose to accomplish the following specific aims: 1. To examine longitudinal changes in substance use (alcohol, tobacco, illicit drugs, nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD)) related to under-examined military experiences: a) never being deployed and b) the transition to civilian life following separation from the military. 2. To examine how individual-, relationship-, and community- level factors interact with these under-examined military experiences to influence changes in substance use over time. 3. To examine possible mechanisms (e.g., substance use norms and conflicts with soldier identity) linking these under-examined experiences with substance use over time. 4. To examine how changes in substance use interact with these under-examined experiences to influence intimate partner relationship functioning (verbal, physical and sexual intimate partner violence, and marital satisfaction). Given a strong foundation to build from, these new aims will, in a cost- and time-efficient manner, generate substantial new knowledge to move the field forward, thus improving outcomes for soldiers, partners, and their families.

摘要 此续订申请将建立在当前资助的R01的成功基础上，重点放在两个高度 普遍但研究不足的经历：从未部署过的士兵和正在分离的士兵 来自军方的。药物滥用是军人最常见的健康问题之一。 总体而言，与现役相比，预备役人员的比例甚至更高。关于军事的研究已经 关注部署和战斗的影响，但相当大比例的预备役士兵从来没有 已部署。部署是士兵身份的重要组成部分；因此，不部署可能有助于 负罪感和与自己单位的联系减少，这反过来会增加消极的风险 结果。例如，在一项对130万名退伍军人的研究中，自杀风险在有 从未部署过。与军队分离也可能给服役人员及其配偶带来压力，以及 可能导致物质使用量的增加。我们发现了一些关于退役军人的横截面证据 与目前的预备役军人相比，成员有更高的物质使用率和依赖率，而且两者都 带着负面健康问题离开军队的预备役军人和他们的配偶更认可 比现在的预备役人员使用更多的物质。鉴于我们目前的项目，我们处于独特的位置来检查 在我们的样本中，士兵及其配偶在药物使用和心理健康方面的变化 分离过渡期。我们建议使用基于Web的加密技术额外进行三次年度评估 调查。这项工作的科学前提是强有力的，建立在正在进行的成功项目和 利用专门为处理军事背景而设计的经过调整的社会生态框架。它的用途 经过验证和可靠的测量、经过验证的调查方法和复杂的纵向数据分析 表现出高度的严谨性。我们建议完成以下具体目标：1.审查 物质使用的纵向变化(酒精、烟草、非法药物、处方药的非医疗用途 (NMUPD)与审查不足的军事经验有关：a)从未部署和b)过渡到 与军队分离后的平民生活。2.考察个人、关系和社区是如何 水平因素与这些未被审查的军事经验相互作用，以影响物质使用的变化 随着时间的推移。3.审查可能的机制(例如，物质使用规范和与士兵身份的冲突) 随着时间的推移，将这些未得到充分研究的经历与物质使用联系起来。4.检查如何改变 物质使用与这些被低估的经历相互作用，从而影响亲密伴侣关系 功能(言语、身体和性亲密伴侣的暴力，以及婚姻满意度)。给出了一个强有力的 以此为基础，这些新目标将以节省成本和时间的方式产生大量新的 知识推动这一领域向前发展，从而改善士兵、合作伙伴及其家人的结果。