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Social factors in the mental health of young adults: Bridging psychological and network analysis

年轻人心理健康的社会因素：桥接心理和网络分析

基本信息

批准号：
10398898
负责人：
Jamil Zaki
金额：
$ 67.89万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-05-01 至 2026-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10398898
关键词：
Acute Address Affect Affective Anxiety Basic Science Biological Brain Brain imaging COVID-19 pandemic Cognitive Communities Data Data Set Distress Down-Regulation Ecological momentary assessment Emotions Empathy Exhibits Face Fostering Foundations Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Grant Incidence Individual Interpersonal Relations Intervention Investigation Life Loneliness Long-Term Effects Maintenance Maps Measures Mediating Mental Depression Mental Health Microclimate Modeling Mood Disorders Neurosciences Outcome Participant Pathway Analysis Personal Satisfaction Persons Play Policies Population Positioning Attribute Public Health Recovery Reporting Research Research Personnel Resources Role Sampling Scanning Social Behavior Social Interaction Social Network Social Psychology Social support Source Stress Students Surveys Symptoms Testing Time Universities Work behavior measurement burden of illness career cohort college data-driven model digital media emotion regulation experience falls follow-up indexing negative affect neuroimaging novel pandemic disease peer peer support predictive modeling psychologic recruit relating to nervous system resilience social social factors stress management stressor tool undergraduate student university student young adult

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The purpose of this project is to examine social factors in the long-term mental health of young adults. Depression, anxiety, and loneliness have steeply risen among college and university students in the last decades, creating an enormous public health burden. Mental health difficulties promise to intensify during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, making it especially urgent to examine and amplify sources of resilience among young adults. Decades of evidence demonstrate that social connectedness, in the form of subjective belonging, objective social ties, and supportive interpersonal interactions, bolster mental health in several key ways. We propose that connectedness early in college, and students’ ability to regulate their emotions through social interactions, could play a pivotal role in encouraging long-term mental health. Though foundational, past work is limited in its ability to test these predictions because it typically examines (i) dyadic relationships rather than broader networks, (ii) the effect of small numbers of social factors, independently, and (iii) short time spans. These limitations are especially relevant to undergraduate settings, as student social life is centered in broad communities on which individuals depend for social support. This project will merge tools from social psychology, network analysis, and neuroscience to provide a rich, precise, and longitudinal account of how social connectedness supports young adult mental health over time. Our team has mapped the social networks formed by a large (n > 850) cohort of incoming university students, and combined this with ecological momentary assessment of students’ interactions and indices of mental health. We have found novel evidence that (i) “social microclimates,” such as the empathy of a student’s neighbors, affect individual well being, (ii) students search their social networks for supportive peers when under stress, (iii) peer interactions mitigate stress over time, and (iv) lonely students under-perceive close social ties, and under-utilize social resources. Here, we will expand this work in several ways. First, we will incorporate a longitudinal approach: measuring students’ connectedness and well being over their college career. We will combine these data with cutting-edge predictive modeling to quantify how social ties formed early in college relate to well being in later years, as well as students’ subsequent “mental health trajectories.” Second, we will recruit a longitudinal replication cohort to establish the robustness of our effects. Third, we will build on previous neuroimaging work of our team to probe neural “signatures” of social connectedness and examine their relationship to other measures of connection, and to well being, over time. At the level of basic science, this project will represent a novel, naturalistic approach to the study of social factors in mental health, and produce a large-scale, multifaceted dataset, which will be made publicly available to facilitate the collaborative and cumulative study of social connection. At a translational level, the resulting data can pave the way for policies aimed at fostering stronger social ties—and mental health—among a broad swath of the population.

项目总结