Infant motor experience and caregiver perceptions of infant intentionality: Examining transactional processes of development

婴儿运动体验和护理人员对婴儿意向性的看法：检查发展的交易过程

• 批准号: 10402020
• 负责人: Virginia Salo
• 金额: $ 0.25万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-27 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10402020
• 关键词: Achievement; Address; Affect; Behavior; Caregivers; Characteristics; Child; Child Development; Child Rearing; Cognitive; Development; Emotions; Empathy; Environment; Exhibits; Exploratory Behavior; Family; Fostering; Foundations; Goals; Individual Differences; Infant; Infant Behavior; Infant Development; Intervention; Language; Language Development; Learning; Link; Measures; Mediating; Mothers; Motor; Motor Skills; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Perception; Play; Process; Psyche structure; Randomized; Social Interaction; Testing; Thinking; Time; Training; Walking; base; caregiving; cognitive ability; cognitive development; cognitive skill; driving force; experience; grasp; insight; skills; skills training; social skills; theories

Project Summary Infants’ early motor experiences (e.g., grasping, crawling, walking) are consistently related to later achievements and abilities, including their ability to understand and learn from others and even their language development. However, the mechanisms by which early motor experience is related to later achievements are not fully understood. Parents’ perceptions of their child’s mental and cognitive abilities increase with the child’s development. Witnessing the increased capability of their child’s engagement with the environment may result in increased perception of their child as capable of more advanced thinking, planning, and acting. This proposed shift in perception could then impact their interactions with their child. In fact, mothers who attribute greater mental abilities to their infants tend to exhibit more sensitive parenting behavior, and parents provide differential input depending on their child’s motor skills. Thus, the link between early motor experiences and subsequent development may be, in part, explained by changes in parents’ perceptions of and interactions with their child. In the proposed project we will examine how parents’ perceptions are related to their parenting behavior, and the potential for parents’ perceptions of their children to mediate the association between infants’ early motor experiences and subsequent development. In Study 1, we will first explore whether a training paradigm that provides infants with specific motor experiences outside of their current repertoire, and that has been shown to increase infants’ motor skill (i.e., reaching and object exploration), also impacts parents’ perceptions about their child. We expect that changes in infants’ motor skills will be related to changes in parents’ perceptions, and that individual differences in parents’ perceptions will mediate the relation between early motor experiences and later skills. In Study 2, we will manipulate parents’ perceptions of their child – inducing a perspective that either over estimates or under estimates their child’s current capacity for understanding their own and others’ thoughts, emotions, and agency – and we will then examine the relation between these different perceptions of their child and their behavior in interactions with their child. We expect that those parents induced to over-estimate their child’s ability will show more sensitive and stimulating behavior as compared to those induced to under-estimate their child’s ability. This project has the potential to advance our understanding of a foundational developmental cascade, to provide insight into how parent–child transactional processes support development, and to inform targeted interventions for infants and families whom might benefit from additional support.

项目摘要 婴儿的早期运动经历（例如抓握，爬行，步行）始终与以后 成就和能力，包括他们了解和学习他人甚至语言的能力 发展。但是，早期运动体验与以后的成就相关的机制是 不完全理解。父母对孩子的心理和认知能力的看法随着孩子而增加 发展。见证孩子与环境互动的能力增加可能会导致 对孩子的感知不断增加，因为他们能够更高级的思维，计划和行动。这 拟议的看法转变可能会影响他们与孩子的互动。实际上，归因的母亲 对婴儿的更大心理能力倾向于存在更敏感的育儿行为，父母提供 差异输入取决于孩子的运动技能。那，早期电动机体验与 随后的发展可能部分是由父母对互动和互动的变化所解释的 和他们的孩子。在拟议的项目中，我们将研究父母的看法与他们的育儿有关 行为，以及父母对子女的看法，调解婴儿之间的联系 早期运动经验和随后的发展。在研究1中，我们将首先探讨是否培训 为婴儿提供当前曲目以外的特定运动体验的范式，并且 被证明会提高婴儿的运动技能（即到达和物体探索），也影响父母 对孩子的看法。我们预计婴儿运动技能的变化将与变化有关 父母的看法以及父母看法的个体差异将调解 早期运动经验和后期技能。在研究2中，我们将操纵父母对孩子的看法 - 引起了一种观点，即估计过度或估计的估计值是他们的当前能力 了解自己和他人的思想，情感和代理 - 然后我们将研究这种关系 在这些对孩子的不同看法与与孩子互动中的行为之间。我们期望 那些父母诱使过度体现孩子的能力将表现出更敏感和刺激性的 与引起儿童能力低估的行为相比。这个项目有可能 促进我们对基础发展级联的理解，以洞悉父母如何 交易过程支持开发，并为婴儿和家庭提供针对性的干预措施 谁可能会从额外的支持中受益。