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Infant motor experience and caregiver perceptions of infant intentionality: Examining transactional processes of development

婴儿运动体验和护理人员对婴儿意向性的看法：检查发展的交易过程

基本信息

批准号：
10083644
负责人：
Virginia Salo
金额：
$ 6.54万
依托单位：
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-30 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Project Summary Infants’ early motor experiences (e.g., grasping, crawling, walking) are consistently related to later achievements and abilities, including their ability to understand and learn from others and even their language development. However, the mechanisms by which early motor experience is related to later achievements are not fully understood. Parents’ perceptions of their child’s mental and cognitive abilities increase with the child’s development. Witnessing the increased capability of their child’s engagement with the environment may result in increased perception of their child as capable of more advanced thinking, planning, and acting. This proposed shift in perception could then impact their interactions with their child. In fact, mothers who attribute greater mental abilities to their infants tend to exhibit more sensitive parenting behavior, and parents provide differential input depending on their child’s motor skills. Thus, the link between early motor experiences and subsequent development may be, in part, explained by changes in parents’ perceptions of and interactions with their child. In the proposed project we will examine how parents’ perceptions are related to their parenting behavior, and the potential for parents’ perceptions of their children to mediate the association between infants’ early motor experiences and subsequent development. In Study 1, we will first explore whether a training paradigm that provides infants with specific motor experiences outside of their current repertoire, and that has been shown to increase infants’ motor skill (i.e., reaching and object exploration), also impacts parents’ perceptions about their child. We expect that changes in infants’ motor skills will be related to changes in parents’ perceptions, and that individual differences in parents’ perceptions will mediate the relation between early motor experiences and later skills. In Study 2, we will manipulate parents’ perceptions of their child – inducing a perspective that either over estimates or under estimates their child’s current capacity for understanding their own and others’ thoughts, emotions, and agency – and we will then examine the relation between these different perceptions of their child and their behavior in interactions with their child. We expect that those parents induced to over-estimate their child’s ability will show more sensitive and stimulating behavior as compared to those induced to under-estimate their child’s ability. This project has the potential to advance our understanding of a foundational developmental cascade, to provide insight into how parent–child transactional processes support development, and to inform targeted interventions for infants and families whom might benefit from additional support.

项目概要婴儿早期的运动体验（例如抓握、爬行、行走）与以后的运动体验始终相关成就和能力，包括理解和学习他人甚至语言的能力发展。然而，早期运动经验与后来成就相关的机制是没有完全理解。父母对孩子心理和认知能力的看法随着孩子的成长而增强发展。见证孩子与环境接触的能力的增强可能会导致增强对孩子有能力进行更先进的思考、计划和行动的认识。这拟议的观念转变可能会影响他们与孩子的互动。事实上，妈妈们都归因于婴儿的智力越强，往往表现出更敏感的养育行为，父母会提供根据孩子的运动技能进行不同的输入。因此，早期运动经验和随后的发展可能部分地可以通过父母的看法和互动的变化来解释和他们的孩子。在拟议的项目中，我们将研究父母的看法与他们的养育方式有何关系行为，以及父母对孩子的看法在调节婴儿行为之间的联系的潜力早期的运动经验和随后的发展。在研究 1 中，我们将首先探讨训练是否为婴儿提供当前技能之外的特定运动体验的范式，并且已经已被证明可以提高婴儿的运动技能（即伸手和物体探索），也会影响父母的对他们孩子的看法。我们预计婴儿运动技能的变化将与父母的看法，而父母看法的个体差异会调节两者之间的关系早期的运动经验和后来的技能。在研究 2 中，我们将操纵父母对孩子的看法 – 引发一种高估或低估孩子当前能力的观点了解他们自己和他人的想法、情感和能动性——然后我们将检查这种关系对孩子的这些不同看法以及他们与孩子互动的行为之间的差异。我们期望那些被诱导高估孩子能力的父母会表现得更加敏感和刺激与那些低估孩子能力的行为相比。该项目有潜力增进我们对基本发展级联的理解，以深入了解亲子如何交易流程支持发展，并为婴儿和家庭的有针对性的干预措施提供信息谁可能会从额外支持中受益。