Strategies to reduce serious bacterial infections and overdose among people who inject drugs

减少注射吸毒者严重细菌感染和过量用药的策略

• 批准号: 10408117
• 负责人: Joshua Adam Barocas
• 金额: $ 15.88万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-15 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10408117
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Amputation; Applied Research; Attention; Bacterial Infections; Biometry; Cardiac Surgery procedures; Caring; Cessation of life; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials; Clinical effectiveness; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Cost Effectiveness Analysis; Cost of Illness; Data; Disease; Drug usage; Education; Educational workshop; Effectiveness; Endocarditis; Ensure; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Evaluation; Evolution; Fentanyl; Funding; Future; Goals; HIV; HIV/HCV; Health Care Costs; Health Policy; Healthcare Systems; Hepatitis C virus; Heroin; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Hygiene; Incidence; Infection; Infection prevention; Infectious Skin Diseases; Infective endocarditis; Injecting drug user; Injections; Intervention; Investigation; Mathematical Model Simulation; Measures; Medicine; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Nature; Needles; Opioid; Oral Ingestion; Outcome; Overdose; Patients; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Positioning Attribute; Public Health; Quality of life; Relapse; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Sepsis; Skin; Skin Tissue; Soft Tissue Infections; Sterility; Stimulant; Structure; Time; Touch sensation; Training; addiction; base; clinical decision-making; combat; cost; cost effectiveness; cost outcomes; design; economic evaluation; economic outcome; experience; health care service utilization; health economics; high risk population; improved outcome; injection drug use; innovation; mathematical model; medical complication; models and simulation; multidisciplinary; non-opioid analgesic; novel; opioid epidemic; opioid injection; opioid use; opioid use disorder; prescription opioid; prevent; preventive intervention; programs; skill acquisition; skills; substance use; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY Serious bacterial infections including infective endocarditis and skin and soft tissue infections are among the most common medical complications in persons who inject drugs (PWID). Hospitalizations for injection-related infective endocarditis increased twelve-fold between 2010 and 2015 and for heroin-related skin and soft tissue infections doubled over the last two decades. Costs of these diseases have also increased dramatically. While there are ongoing hospital-based programs to reduce injection-related bacterial infections, their long-term effectiveness, costs, and cost-effectiveness are unknown. Longitudinal investigation of these interventions is urgently needed to improve outcomes given the rapid expansion of the US opioid epidemic, but is challenging due to the relapsing nature of OUD, the heterogeneous nature of persons who inject opioids, and the shifting nature of the drug supply. Simulation modeling can augment evidence from trials by projecting the clinical and economic outcomes over longer time horizons for different populations. This proposed research will use simulation modeling to examine the impact of changes in injection opioid use practices as well as hospital-based interventions aimed at addressing the underlying OUD on the incidence of injection-related bacterial infections with the following scientific aims: Aim 1: To develop a simulation model of injection opioid use to project long-term incidence, outcomes, and costs of injection-related infective endocarditis, skin and soft tissue infections, and overdose. Aim 2: To estimate the clinical impact, costs, and cost-effectiveness of hospital-initiated addiction care and rapid-access linkage to post-hospital medication treatment for persons who inject opioids. Aim 3: To perform a comprehensive economic evaluation alongside an ongoing clinical trial and to use the simulation model to estimate the long-term clinical effectiveness of a hospital-based skin and needle hygiene program aimed to prevent bacterial infections among persons who inject opioids. During the K01 project period, the candidate will develop a specific skill set in three primary domains: (1) advanced quantitative methods for simulation modeling; (2) understanding the design, operationalization, and evaluation of hospital-based interventions for PWID; and (3) measuring healthcare utilization and cost- effectiveness analyses alongside clinical trials. Training will be accomplished through an intensive combination of formal structured courses, training workshops and field experiences, applied research experience, and focused mentorship in mathematical modeling, biostatistics, addiction, hospital-based interventions, and health economics. Acquisition of these skills will allow the candidate to accomplish his long-term goal, which is to become an independently-funded investigator and global expert on clinical decision making and health policy at the intersection of substance use and infectious diseases.

项目摘要 严重的细菌感染包括感染性心内膜炎，皮肤和软组织感染是 注射药物（PWID）的人中最常见的医疗并发症之一。住院 在2010年至2015年之间，与注射相关的感染性心内膜炎增加了十二倍，与海洛因有关 在过去的二十年中，皮肤和软组织感染增加了一倍。这些疾病的成本也增加了 急剧。 尽管正在进行基于医院的计划以减少注射相关的细菌感染，但 长期有效性，成本和成本效益尚不清楚。对这些的纵向调查 鉴于美国阿片类药物流行的快速扩张，迫切需要采取干预措施以改善结果，但 由于OUD的复发性，注射阿片类药物的人的异质性质，这是充满挑战的 以及药物供应的变化性质。模拟建模可以通过预测来增强试验的证据 不同人群的临床和经济成果在更长的时间范围内。这项拟议的研究 将使用模拟建模来检查注射阿片类药物使用实践的变化以及 基于医院的干预措施旨在解决与注射有关 细菌感染具有以下科学目的： 目的1：开发一种注射阿片类药物使用的模拟模型，以投射长期发病率，结果和 注射相关的感染性心内膜炎，皮肤和软组织感染和过量的成本。目标2：到 估计医院引发的成瘾护理和快速访问的临床影响，成本和成本效益 与注射阿片类药物的人的院后药物治疗联系。目标3：执行 全面的经济评估以及正在进行的临床试验以及使用模拟模型 估计基于医院的皮肤和针头卫生计划的长期临床有效性 预防注射阿片类药物的人之间的细菌感染。 在K01项目期间，候选人将在三个主要领域中开发特定的技能： （1）用于模拟建模的高级定量方法； （2）了解设计，操作， 并评估基于医院的PWID的干预措施； （3）衡量医疗保健利用和成本 - 有效性分析与临床试验一起进行。培训将通过密集的组合来完成 正式结构化课程，培训研讨会和现场经验，应用研究经验以及 专注于数学建模，生物统计学，成瘾，基于医院的干预措施和健康的指导 经济学。获得这些技能将使候选人能够实现他的长期目标，即 成为独立资助的研究者和临床决策制定和健康政策的全球专家 在药物使用和传染病的交集中。