Deficient Belief Updating as a Convergent Computational Mechanism of Psychosis
Deficient Belief Updating as a Convergent Computational Mechanism of Psychosis
批准号:
10421074
负责人:
Guillermo Horga
金额:
$60.23万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-09-01 至 2024-05-31
关键词:
AddressAuditory areaBehaviorBehavioralBeliefBiologicalBrainClinicalCognitiveComputer ModelsConflict (Psychology)Corpus striatum structureDataDelusionsDissociationDopamineFeedbackFoundationsFunctional Magnetic Resonance ImagingFunctional disorderFutureHallucinationsHealth BenefitHearingHumanImageImaging TechniquesImpairmentIndividualKnowledgeLeadLinkMagnetic Resonance ImagingMeasuresMediatingMedicalMedical Care CostsMedicineMental disordersMethodologyMethodsMidbrain structureModelingNatureNeurobiologyNeurocognitiveNeurosciencesParietalParietal LobePathologicPathway interactionsPatientsPatternPerceptionPrefrontal CortexProcessPsychiatryPsychosesPublic HealthRestSchizophreniaSensorySeveritiesSignal TransductionStigmatizationStimulusSubstantia nigra structureSymptomsSyndromeSystemTestingUpdateVoiceWorkbasecommon symptomcomputational neuroscienceconvictdesignexperiencehigh resolution imagingideationindexingindividualized medicineneuroimagingneuromelaninneuroregulationnigrostriatal dopaminergic pathwaynigrostriatal pathwaynovelpars compactapre-clinicalpredictive modelingpsychotic symptomsrelating to nervous systemsensory cortextheoriestool
中文摘要
精神分裂症的精神病综合征,包括幻觉和妄想,仍然是最常见的精神病之一。
在美国和世界范围内的破坏性和昂贵的医疗条件。尽管在了解其
神经生物学,一个统一的机制仍然难以捉摸。阐明这种机制将是一个重大进展,
医学,因为它将提供一个科学的解释,长期以来一直被认为是同义词的症状,
非理性这将有助于消除对精神疾病的歧视。这也可能导致重要的
通过确定新的靶点,使新的治疗方法能够用于相当大比例的
患者(约1/3)对当前治疗无反应或耐受。以前的工作分别研究了
幻觉(没有相应刺激的错误感知)和妄想(
尽管有相互矛盾的证据,但仍保持高度的信念)。然而,最近的大脑理论表明,
感知和思维是一个单一过程的一部分,大脑通过这个过程产生和更新内部预测,
外部世界的模型,它可以解释我们独特的感知经验,以及我们如何达到某些
根据这些经验得出的结论或想法。这些“贝叶斯”理论的扩展已经被提出,
解释感知的病理异常(例如,幻觉)和意念(例如,妄想症),
源于共同的赤字。我们认为,这种常见的缺陷是一种与多巴胺相关的更新缺陷,
信念(通过计算建模定义),相对于新的感官证据,过度依赖先前的信念。
我们认为,这种缺陷可以发生在两个不同层次的层次:一个较低的水平(在感觉皮层)异常
其中会导致幻觉,以及更高的水平(高级前额叶和顶叶皮层支持
(推论)会引起错觉的异常。我们提出了一个收敛的方法来直接测试这一新的
利用计算神经科学中应用于功能性神经成像(fMRI)的尖端工具对其进行建模,
行为工具,旨在剖析层次信念更新。具体来说,我们假设一个行为和神经
双重分离,即前者的缺陷将与幻觉的严重程度特别相关,
后者的缺陷将与未用药患者的妄想严重程度特别相关,
精神分裂症通过将我们的模型锚定在精神病中公认的多巴胺功能障碍上,我们将解释
如何增加多巴胺在中脑(特别是在黑质纹状体通路,这里通过一种新的,高密度的测量),
分辨率成像技术称为神经黑色素敏感的MRI)改变了常见的神经计算,
精神病症状(即,它如何导致低水平和高水平的信念更新不足,导致幻觉,
妄想)。最后,我们将定义神经靶点,以建立未来开发新的神经调节的工作
方法旨在正常化的信念更新缺陷下游多巴胺异常。因此,我们将
建立新的精神病下游机制,可以在临床前工作中进一步剖析,
根据个人的症状特征直接针对人类。
英文摘要
The psychotic syndrome of schizophrenia, comprising hallucinations and delusions, remains one of the most
devastating and costly medical conditions in the US and worldwide. Despite progress in the understanding of its
neurobiology, a unifying mechanism remains elusive. Elucidating such mechanism would be a major advance in
medicine, as it would provide a scientific explanation to symptoms that have long been considered synonymous with
irrationality. This would contribute to de-stigmatization of mental illness. It would also potentially lead to important
public health benefits by identifying novel targets that could enable new treatments for a substantial proportion of
patients (~1/3) who do not respond to or tolerate current treatments. Previous work has separately studied the
substrates of hallucinations (false percepts without corresponding stimuli) and of delusions (false ideas that are
maintained with high conviction despite contradictory evidence). However, recent theories of the brain suggest that
perception and ideation are part of a unitary process, whereby the brain generates and updates internal predictive
models of the external world, that can explain both our idiosyncratic perceptual experiences and how we reach certain
conclusions or ideas based on these experiences. Extensions of these ‘Bayesian’ theories have been proposed to
explain pathological abnormalities in perception (e.g., hallucinations) and ideation (e.g., delusions) in psychosis as
deriving from a common deficit. We suggest that this common deficit is a dopamine-related deficit in updating of
beliefs (defined via computational modeling) given excessive reliance of prior beliefs relative to new sensory evidence.
We posit that this deficit can occur at two different levels of a hierarchy: a lower level (in sensory cortex) abnormalities
in which would cause hallucinations, and a higher level (higher-order prefrontal and parietal cortices supporting
inference) abnormalities in which would cause delusions. We propose a converging approach to directly test this novel
model it by leveraging cutting-edge tools in computational neuroscience applied to functional neuroimaging (fMRI) and
behavioral tools designed to dissect hierarchical belief updating. Specifically, we hypothesize a behavioral and neural
double dissociation whereby deficits in the former will be specifically associated with severity of hallucinations while
deficits in the latter will be specifically associated with severity of delusions in unmedicated patients with
schizophrenia. By anchoring our model on the well-established dopamine dysfunction in psychosis, we will explain
how increased dopamine in the midbrain (specifically, in the nigrostriatal pathway, here measured via a novel, high-
resolution imaging technique known as neuromelanin-sensitive MRI) alters common neural computations leading to
psychotic symptoms (i.e., how it results in deficient belief updating at low and high levels, leading to hallucinations and
delusions, respectively). Finally, we will define neural targets to set up future work developing novel neuromodulation
approaches aimed at normalizing belief updating deficits downstream from dopamine abnormalities. Thus, we will
establish novel downstream mechanisms of psychosis that can be further dissected in preclinical work and can be
directly targeted in humans depending on individuals’ symptom profiles.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-023-42813-2
发表时间:
2023-11-29
期刊:
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
影响因子:
16.6
作者:
[Mihali, Andra, Broeker, Marianne, Ragalmuto, Florian D. M., Horga, Guillermo]
通讯作者:
Horga, Guillermo
Detecting Pharmacologically Induced Serotonin Release in Depression With Positron Emission Tomography Imaging: A New Approach.
用正电子发射断层扫描成像检测抑郁症中药物诱导的血清素释放:一种新方法。
DOI:
10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.04.008
发表时间:
2023
期刊:
Biological psychiatry
影响因子:
10.6
作者:
[Slifstein,Mark, Abi-Dargham,Anissa]
通讯作者:
Abi-Dargham,Anissa
Effects of Hallucination Proneness and Sensory Resolution on Prior Biases in Human Perceptual Inference of Time Intervals.
幻觉倾向和感官分辨率对人类感知时间间隔推断中先验偏差的影响。
DOI:
10.1523/jneurosci.0692-22.2023
发表时间:
2023-07-19
期刊:
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
影响因子:
5.3
作者:
[Duhamel, Emeline, Mihali, Andra, Horga, Guillermo]
通讯作者:
Horga, Guillermo
DOI:
10.1002/jmri.27384
发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI
影响因子:
--
作者:
[van der Pluijm M, Cassidy C, Zandstra M, Wallert E, de Bruin K, Booij J, de Haan L, Horga G, van de Giessen E]
通讯作者:
van de Giessen E
The Quest for a Selective Mapping Between Striatal Dopamine Subcircuits and Psychosis Symptoms.
寻求纹状体多巴胺亚电路和精神病症状之间的选择性映射。
DOI:
10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.09.009
发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging
影响因子:
--
作者:
[Wengler,Kenneth, Horga,Guillermo]
通讯作者:
Horga,Guillermo
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