A controlled evaluation of abstinence-induced withdrawal and motivation to vape/smoke among daily ENDS users vs. cigarette smokers

对日常 ENDS 使用者与吸烟者的戒断引起的戒断和吸电子烟/吸烟动机的对照评估

• 批准号: 10428192
• 负责人: LARRY W HAWK
• 金额: $ 72.43万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-15 至 2027-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10428192
• 关键词: Abstinence; Acute; Address; Adult; Affect; Agitation; Anhedonia; Attenuated; Automobile Driving; Behavioral; Cause of Death; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Complement; Dependence; Desire for food; Diagnosis; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; Electronic cigarette; Equilibrium; Evaluation; Expectancy; Generations; Harm Reduction; Hour; Impact evaluation; Individual Differences; Intervention; Investigational Therapies; JUUL; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Metabolism; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; Nature; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Nicotine Withdrawal; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Persons; PhenX Toolkit; Public Health; Publishing; Questionnaires; Randomized; Relapse; Research; Research Priority; Role; Salts; Sample Size; Sampling; Science; Sensory; Sleep; Sleep Disorders; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Subgroup; Testing; Tobacco; Tobacco Control Research; Tobacco Dependence; Visit; Withdrawal; Withdrawal Symptom; Work; abuse liability; behavioral pharmacology; cigarette smoking; combustible cigarette; craving; experimental study; former smoker; increased appetite; negative affect; nicotine exposure; nicotine use; prospective; sex; smoking abstinence; smoking cessation; theories; therapy development; vaper; vaping

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Withdrawal is a key, multi-faceted component of tobacco/nicotine dependence. Because withdrawal symptoms are theorized to drive relapse, facets of withdrawal (e.g., craving, negative affect) are the targets of most current and emerging treatments. Despite the central importance of withdrawal, and a voluminous literature on withdrawal from combustible cigarette smoking, we know little about withdrawal from electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). To overcome critical barriers to progress in the field, we propose the first-ever prospective, controlled comparison of abstinence- induced withdrawal between ENDS vapers and cigarette smokers. Participants will be 160 established daily vapers (including former smokers and dual users who smoke occasionally), 160 established daily smokers (including former vapers and dual users who vape occasionally), and (for exploratory comparisons) 50 established daily dual users, who smoke and vape daily. Participants will complete two 4-hour lab visits; the order of the ad lib use visit and the abstinent visit (which follows 24 hours of abstinence) will be randomized across participants. To advance knowledge of ENDS withdrawal, we will employ state-of-the-science, multi-measure, multi-method assessments of key withdrawal facets: negative affect, craving, difficulty concentrating, restlessness, sleep, and appetite, as well as anhedonia/positive affect and somatic effects. We hypothesize that, for each facet, withdrawal magnitude will be lower among vapers compared to smokers. To inform theory and intervention development, we will also evaluate the behavioral significance of ENDS withdrawal, testing the hypotheses that abstinence will increase the motivation to vape/smoke and this group difference will be accounted for (mediated) by vaper/smoker differences in one or more withdrawal facets. Exploratory analyses will examine whether group differences in withdrawal are accounted for (mediate) by differential nicotine exposure, explore the role of individual differences (e.g., sex, rate of nicotine metabolism, expectancies), and examine differences among sub-groups of vapers. The impact of this much-needed, detailed characterization of withdrawal from ENDS is enhanced by the inclusion of a comparator of great public health significance, cigarette smoking. In addition, by characterizing the specific withdrawal facets that drive motivation to vape/smoke, the proposed work will identify promising intervention targets for subsequent treatment development efforts.

项目摘要/摘要 提取是烟草/尼古丁依赖性的钥匙，多面分量。因为退出 理论上认为症状是为了驱动复发，戒断方面（例如，渴望，负面影响）是 大多数当前和新兴治疗的目标。尽管撤离的重要性和 关于从可燃香烟吸烟退出的大量文献，我们对 从电子尼古丁输送系统（末端）提取。克服关键障碍 该领域的进展，我们提出了有史以来的第一个前瞻性，受控的禁欲比较 诱发末端蒸气和吸烟者之间的戒断。参与者将建立160个 每日蒸气（包括偶尔吸烟的前吸烟者和双重用户），160个建立 每日吸烟者（包括偶尔vaper的前蒸气和双重用户）和（用于探索性 比较）50个每天建立的双重用户，每天抽烟和vape。参与者将完成 两次4小时的实验室访问； AD LIB使用访问和避免访问的命令（紧随其后的是24小时 禁欲）将在参与者之间随机分配。为了提高目的的撤离知识，我们 将采用最先进的水平，多量措施，多方法评估的关键撤离方面： 负面影响，渴望，集中精力，躁动，睡眠和食欲，以及 Anhedonia/积极影响和躯体效应。我们假设每个方面都取出 与吸烟者相比，蒸气中的大小将较低。告知理论和干预 开发，我们还将评估端撤回的行为意义，测试 假设禁欲会增加vape/烟的动力，而这种群体差异将 通过一个或多个提取方面的Vaper/吸烟者差异来解释（介导的）。 探索性分析将检查是否考虑了撤回的群体差异 （通过鉴别尼古丁暴露进行介导，探索个体差异的作用（例如性别，速率 尼古丁代谢，预期），并检查vapers子组之间的差异。影响 包含在这种急需的，详细的从末端提取的详细表征 具有巨大公共健康意义的比较者，吸烟。另外，通过表征 推动动力vape/烟的具体提取方面，拟议的工作将确定 有希望的干预目标是随后的治疗开发工作。