A Residential Dust Control Intervention to Reduce Early Childhood Exposure toChemical Mixtures

摘要 在发育的关键时期暴露于内分泌干扰化学品（EDCs）与以下因素有关： 不良儿童健康后果，包括哮喘/过敏、行为问题、智商下降和肥胖。 邻苯二甲酸盐、阻燃剂和全氟烷基物质（PFAS）是住宅灰尘中发现的内分泌干扰物， 它们在家居用品、建筑材料、电子产品和个人护理产品中的用途。儿童 在生命的最初几年中，他们暴露于这些内分泌干扰物的混合物中，通常比成年人的水平更高。尽管 越来越多的人认为EDC暴露必须减少，但我们缺乏有效的干预措施来减少 儿童在家中接触EDC混合物，他们在家中度过大部分时间。照经上所 必须量化住宅灰尘中EDC混合物对儿童EDC混合物的贡献 负担，并确定减少住宅灰尘EDC混合物的干预措施是否有效地减少了儿童 暴露于EDC混合物。我们将利用来自健康结果的数据来弥补这一知识差距， 环境措施（HOME）研究，一项先前进行的随机对照试验， 来自辛辛那提，俄亥俄州的孕妇，并跟踪她们的孩子直到3岁。我们反复收集 生物标本、住宅灰尘样本和来自约200名1至3岁儿童的其他数据。使用这些 根据现有数据，我们将：（1）估计暴露于住宅灰尘中的EDC混合物与以下因素相关的程度： 儿童的EDC混合物身体负担;（2）确定旨在减少住宅灰尘的干预措施是否可以 降低儿童的EDC混合物的身体负担;（3）量化住宅灰尘中EDC混合物的程度 调解旨在降低住宅灰尘的干预措施与儿童EDC混合物之间的关系 身体负担此外，我们将确定这些关联是否因儿童性别、种族/民族、手-手接触而不同。 口腔行为、居住类型（单户与多户）和住宅清洁度。以解决方案为导向 该提案包括EDCs，流行病学，生物统计学，干预研究和儿童研究方面的专家。 环境卫生。总之，我们将有效地确定住宅粉尘控制是否可以减少儿童的 暴露于EDC混合物。这些结果将作为设计随机对照试验的基础， 使用正在罗得岛进行的队列研究，暴露于EDC混合物。在缺乏人口水平的情况下， 干预措施，以减轻儿童的EDC暴露，我们的研究可以提供家庭和临床医生的证据- 基于建议的住宅灰尘控制的有效性，以减少接触EDC混合物。

Abstract Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during critical periods of development are linked to adverse child health outcomes, including asthma/allergies, behavior problems, IQ decrements, and obesity. Phthalates, flame retardants, and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are EDCs found in residential dust due to their use in home furnishings, building materials, electronics, and personal care products. Children are exposed to these EDCs as a mixture over the first years of life, often at higher levels than adults. Despite growing consensus that EDC exposures must be reduced, we lack effective interventions to decrease children’s exposure to EDC mixtures in their homes, where they spend the majority of their time. Thus, it is imperative to quantify the contribution of EDC mixtures in residential dust to children’s EDC mixture body burden and determine if interventions that reduce residential dust EDC mixtures effectively diminish childhood exposure to EDC mixtures. We will address this gap in knowledge using data from the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study, a previously conducted randomized controlled trial that enrolled pregnant women from Cincinnati, Ohio and followed their children until age 3 years. We repeatedly collected biospecimens, residential dust samples, and other data from ~200 children ages 1 to 3 years. Using these existing data, we will: (1) Estimate the extent that exposure to EDC mixtures in residential dust is related to children’s EDC mixture body burden; (2) Determine if an intervention designed to reduce residential dust can lower children’s EDC mixture body burden; and (3) Quantify the extent that EDC mixtures in residential dust mediate the relation between an intervention designed to lower residential dust and children’s EDC mixture body burden. Moreover, we will determine if these associations differ by child sex, race/ethnicity, hand-to- mouth behavior, residence type (single vs. multi-family), and residential cleanliness. This solutions-oriented proposal includes experts in EDCs, epidemiology, biostatistics, intervention studies, and children’s environmental health. Together, we will efficiently determine if residential dust control can decrease children’s exposure to EDC mixtures. These results will serve as a basis to design a randomized controlled trial to reduce exposure to EDC mixtures using an ongoing cohort study in Rhode Island. In the absence of population-level interventions to mitigate children’s EDC exposure, our study may provide families and clinicians with evidence- based recommendations about the efficacy of residential dust control to reduce exposure EDC mixtures.