A Residential Dust Control Intervention to Reduce Early Childhood Exposure toChemical Mixtures

摘要 在发育的关键时期接触内分泌干扰物(EDCs)与 不利的儿童健康后果，包括哮喘/过敏、行为问题、智商下降和肥胖。 邻苯二甲酸盐、阻燃剂和全氟烷基物质(PFAS)是在居民粉尘中发现的内源性化合物，原因是 它们在家居、建材、电子产品和个人护理产品中的应用。孩子们是 在生命的头几年，作为混合物接触这些内分泌细胞，通常比成年人的水平更高。尽管 关于必须减少EDC暴露的日益增长的共识，我们缺乏有效的干预措施来减少 儿童在家中接触到EDC混合物，他们大部分时间都在家里度过。因此，它是 居民粉尘中EDC混合物对儿童EDC混合体的贡献亟待量化 负担并确定减少住宅粉尘EDC混合物的干预措施是否有效地减少了童年 暴露在EDC混合物中。我们将使用健康结果和数据来解决这一知识差距 环境措施(HOME)研究，这是一项先前进行的随机对照试验， 来自俄亥俄州辛辛那提的孕妇跟随她们的孩子直到3岁。我们反复收集 来自约200名1至3岁儿童的生物样本、居民区粉尘样本和其他数据。使用这些 现有数据，我们将：(1)估计暴露于住宅粉尘中的EDC混合物的程度与 儿童EDC混合身体负荷；(2)确定旨在减少住宅粉尘的干预措施是否可以 降低儿童EDC混合物的身体负荷；以及(3)量化EDC混合物在住宅粉尘中的程度 居民区降尘干预措施与儿童EDC混合物关系的调解 身体负担。此外，我们将确定这些联系是否因儿童性别、种族/民族、手与人接触而有所不同。 嘴巴行为、居住类型(独栋住宅与多户住宅)和住宅清洁。此解决方案为导向 该提案包括EDC、流行病学、生物统计学、干预研究和儿童疾病方面的专家 环境健康。我们将共同有效地确定住宅粉尘控制是否可以减少儿童 暴露在EDC混合物中。这些结果将作为设计随机对照试验的基础，以减少 使用罗德岛正在进行的队列研究暴露于EDC混合物。在没有人口水平的情况下 减少儿童EDC暴露的干预措施，我们的研究可能为家庭和临床医生提供证据- 根据关于住宅粉尘控制的有效性的建议，以减少EDC混合物的暴露。

Abstract Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during critical periods of development are linked to adverse child health outcomes, including asthma/allergies, behavior problems, IQ decrements, and obesity. Phthalates, flame retardants, and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are EDCs found in residential dust due to their use in home furnishings, building materials, electronics, and personal care products. Children are exposed to these EDCs as a mixture over the first years of life, often at higher levels than adults. Despite growing consensus that EDC exposures must be reduced, we lack effective interventions to decrease children’s exposure to EDC mixtures in their homes, where they spend the majority of their time. Thus, it is imperative to quantify the contribution of EDC mixtures in residential dust to children’s EDC mixture body burden and determine if interventions that reduce residential dust EDC mixtures effectively diminish childhood exposure to EDC mixtures. We will address this gap in knowledge using data from the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study, a previously conducted randomized controlled trial that enrolled pregnant women from Cincinnati, Ohio and followed their children until age 3 years. We repeatedly collected biospecimens, residential dust samples, and other data from ~200 children ages 1 to 3 years. Using these existing data, we will: (1) Estimate the extent that exposure to EDC mixtures in residential dust is related to children’s EDC mixture body burden; (2) Determine if an intervention designed to reduce residential dust can lower children’s EDC mixture body burden; and (3) Quantify the extent that EDC mixtures in residential dust mediate the relation between an intervention designed to lower residential dust and children’s EDC mixture body burden. Moreover, we will determine if these associations differ by child sex, race/ethnicity, hand-to- mouth behavior, residence type (single vs. multi-family), and residential cleanliness. This solutions-oriented proposal includes experts in EDCs, epidemiology, biostatistics, intervention studies, and children’s environmental health. Together, we will efficiently determine if residential dust control can decrease children’s exposure to EDC mixtures. These results will serve as a basis to design a randomized controlled trial to reduce exposure to EDC mixtures using an ongoing cohort study in Rhode Island. In the absence of population-level interventions to mitigate children’s EDC exposure, our study may provide families and clinicians with evidence- based recommendations about the efficacy of residential dust control to reduce exposure EDC mixtures.