Assessment of pediatric immunotoxicity, public education, and capacity-building in communities impacted by PFAS-contaminated drinking water

越来越多的美国社区发现了全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFAS，通常 饮用水中的全氟碳化物)。流行病学研究已经报告了儿童和儿童之间的负相关 PFAS暴露和免疫功能，并表明目前的饮用水指南可能不够充分 保护儿童免受免疫毒性。2016年，国家毒理学计划得出结论，两种全氟辛烷磺酸， 全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛烷磺酸，是根据人类和动物研究推定的免疫危险。关键的知识鸿沟 是否暴露在含有复杂全氟辛烷磺酸混合物的AFFF灭火泡沫污染的饮用水中 引起临床相关的免疫毒性。社区寻求指导以解释血液和水测试 关于健康影响、水处理、补救和与地方官员接触的战略的结果和信息。 该项目将利用现有的研究人员-社区合作伙伴关系来解决对健康的担忧 饮用水中全氟辛烷磺酸的影响，并开发工具和材料来支持受影响的社区。我们 将与两个有AFFF污染饮用水的社区接触，Pease International Tradeport in 朴茨茅斯、NH和Hyannis，MA，评估潜在的免疫反应并探索代谢组学 在幼儿中的简介。我们将开发一个在线资源中心，为受PFAS影响的社区提供服务 在全国范围内提供教育材料、数据工具和与其他社区联系的机会。我们会 通过进行深度访谈和民族志研究，探索受影响社区的曝光经验 研究。项目合作伙伴包括环境健康和社会科学研究人员和社区。 积极分子之间有着良好的合作关系。这个社区参与的研究项目有三个目标： 目的1.量化儿童血清全氟辛酸、全氟辛烷磺酸、全氟辛烷磺酸和总全氟辛烷磺酸与a)血清抗体的相关性 白喉和破伤风(DTaP)疫苗接种后的水平和b)代谢组学。 目标2.开发PFAS交换，这是一个在线资源中心，提供教育材料、数据解释 工具、自来水检测和连接社区的资源，为参与者提供报告材料， 并与受影响社区的居民、医疗专业人员和其他利益攸关方接触。 目标3.评估受PFAS影响地区居民的个人、家庭和社区层面的体验-- 受污染的饮用水。 这项拟议的研究在开发基于网络的可视化和解释个人信息的新工具方面具有创新性 暴露数据，并将在美国第一个评估免疫毒性并应用新的代谢组学方法。 儿童在早期接触受AFFF污染的饮用水。它将通过支持以下方式改善公众健康 通过参与、教育和培训，努力减少全氟辛烷磺酸污染的暴露和健康影响 研究。该项目通过解决社区对健康的关注来完成从研究到行动的使命 受污染的饮用水的影响和社区成员的参与贯穿始终。

A growing number of U.S. communities have discovered per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs, often called PFCs) in drinking water. Epidemiological studies have reported negative associations between pediatric PFAS exposure and immune function, and suggest that current drinking water guidelines may not adequately protect children from immunotoxicity. In 2016, the National Toxicology Program concluded that two PFASs, PFOA and PFOS, are presumed immune hazards based on human and animal studies. A key knowledge gap is whether exposure to drinking water contaminated by AFFF firefighting foams with complex PFAS mixtures causes clinically relevant immunotoxicity. Communities seek guidance for interpreting blood and water test results and information on health effects, water treatment, remediation, and strategies to engage local officials. This project will leverage existing researcher-community partnerships to address concerns about health effects from PFASs in drinking water and develop tools and materials to support impacted communities. We will engage with two communities with AFFF-contaminated drinking water, the Pease International Tradeport in Portsmouth, NH, and Hyannis, MA, and evaluate potential immune responses and explore metabolomics profiles among young children. We will develop an online resource center to serve PFAS-affected communities nationwide with educational materials, data tools, and opportunities to connect with other communities. We will explore the exposure experience of affected communities by conducting in-depth interviews and ethnographic research. Project partners include environmental health and social science researchers and community activists with a well-established collaboration. This community-engaged research project has three aims: Aim 1. Quantify associations of child serum PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, and total PFASs with a) serum antibody levels following diphtheria and tetanus (DTaP) vaccinations and b) metabolomic profiles. Aim 2. Develop the PFAS Exchange, an online resource center with educational materials, data interpretation tools, tap water testing, and resources to connect communities, provide report-back materials for participants, and engage with residents of affected communities, medical professionals, and other stakeholders. Aim 3. Assess individual, family, and community-level experience of residents in areas impacted by PFAS- contaminated drinking water. The proposed study is innovative in developing novel web-based tools to visualize and interpret personal exposure data, and will be the first to evaluate immunotoxicity and apply novel metabolomics methods in U.S. children exposed to AFFF-contaminated drinking water in early life. It will improve public health by supporting efforts to reduce exposures and health impacts of PFAS contamination through engagement, education, and research. This project fulfills the Research to Action mission by addressing community concerns about health effects of contaminated drinking water and involving community members throughout.