Longitudinal study of sleep physiology and function across toddlerhood

幼儿期睡眠生理学和功能的纵向研究

• 批准号: 10467216
• 负责人: Rebecca M C Spencer
• 金额: $ 22.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2024-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10467216
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Age; Age-Months; Animals; Attention; Behavioral; Child; Childhood; Coupling; Data; Development; Disease; Future; Goals; Hippocampus (Brain); Homosynaptic Depression; Impairment; Infant; Intervention; Learning; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Memory; Minor; Modeling; Napping; Neuronal Plasticity; Outcome; Phase; Physiological; Polysomnography; Process; REM Sleep; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Rewards; Role; Sampling Studies; Science; Sleep; Slow-Wave Sleep; Synapses; Testing; Time; Toddler; Work; age group; base; brain metabolism; cognitive development; cognitive function; early childhood; forgetting; high reward; high risk; improved; infancy; insight; memory process; memory recall; non rapid eye movement; predictive test; rapid eye movement; recruit; repaired; sleep physiology; sleep regulation; sleep spindle; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY Toddlers spend half their day sleeping. While it is known that sleep supports learning in childhood, whether this function changes across early development is unknown. Recent theoretical work suggests that critical transitions in sleep's cognitive function occur at this age. Thus, longitudinal studies of sleep across toddlerhood are needed. The specific objective of the proposed research is to examine longitudinal changes in overnight sleep physiology and sleep's cognitive function in children 16-31 months of age. In doing so, we will address two proposed changes in sleep function in toddlerhood. First, critical changes in hippocampal development are suggested to change sleep's function for those <18 months relative to those >24 months. Second, models of brain metabolism suggest that the function of sleep, particularly REM sleep, changes from <28 months relative to those >30 months. To test these predicted turning points in sleep function, we will recruit infants who are 16 or 21 months and assess declarative memory before and after overnight sleep in 3 waves, separated by 5 months. Polysomnography will be used to understand the physiological mechanism underlying sleep benefits. Aim 1 is to examine whether memory benefits of overnight sleep change across toddlerhood. Specifically, we will consider whether there is a change in how beneficial sleep is relative to wake on memory outcomes across toddlerhood. We hypothesize that sleep will protect memories consistently across this age span but that memories will decay less over wake with development. Aim 2 is to examine whether the contribution of REM and non-REM sleep to memory change over sleep across toddlerhood. Specifically, we will examine predicted contributions of nREM oscillations and REM sleep to sleep-related memory changes across toddlerhood. Hypothesis 2 is that the change in memory over sleep is associated with coupling of sleep spindles and slow oscillations and, in particular, the phase coupling between these rhythms. This work will have clear theoretical significance for the fields of sleep and developmental sciences as we seek to test theories that have gained attention in those fields. Distinguishing the function of sleep across this age range will provide critical insight into mechanisms underlying sleep's memory benefit at any age. The work holds translational significance as well. Specifically, understanding sleep physiology and function at this age is critical for recognizing and understanding when these processes are impaired. Moreover, sleep's role in memory holds promise for interventions to improve learning delays or rehabilitation. As such a strong understanding of sleep's role in memory will eventually support such intervention approaches.

项目摘要 幼儿花一半的一天睡觉。虽然众所周知，睡眠支持童年的学习 早期开发过程中的功能变化尚不清楚。最近的理论工作表明关键过渡 在睡眠中，认知功能发生在这个年龄。因此，需要对跨学步的睡眠进行纵向研究。 拟议研究的具体目标是检查过夜睡眠的纵向变化 16-31个月大的儿童生理学和睡眠的认知功能。这样，我们将解决两个 提议的幼儿睡眠功能变化。首先，海马发展的关键变化是 建议相对于> 24个月的那些<18个月的睡眠功能改变睡眠功能。第二，模型 脑代谢表明睡眠的功能，尤其是REM睡眠的功能，相对<28个月的变化 到30个月> 30个月。为了测试这些预测的睡眠功能的转折点，我们将招募16岁的婴儿 或21个月，并在3波中过夜睡眠前后评估声明性记忆，分别为5 月份。多摄影术将用于了解睡眠益处的生理机制。 目的1是检查整个蹒跚学步的睡眠变化的记忆益处。具体来说， 我们将考虑对记忆结果的唤醒相对于唤醒的有益睡眠的变化是否有所改变 跨学步。我们假设睡眠将在这个年龄范围内持续保护记忆，但 随着发展的唤醒，回忆会减少衰落。 AIM 2是检查REM的贡献是否 和非REM睡眠以在整个幼儿睡眠中发生记忆力变化。具体来说，我们将检查 NREM振荡的预测贡献和REM睡眠对与睡眠相关的记忆的变化 幼儿。假设2是，睡眠的记忆变化与睡眠纺锤的耦合有关 以及缓慢的振荡，尤其是这些节奏之间的相位耦合。这项工作将清楚 当我们试图测试理论时，睡眠和发育科学领域的理论意义 在这些领域引起了人们的关注。区分在这个年龄段的睡眠功能将提供关键 深入了解任何年龄段睡眠记忆力的机制。作品具有翻译 意义也是如此。具体而言，了解这个年龄的睡眠生理和功能对于 认识和理解这些过程何时受到损害。而且，睡眠在记忆中的作用 有望采取干预措施，以改善学习延迟或康复。这样对睡眠的深刻理解 记忆中的作用最终将支持这种干预方法。