TRP channel regulation of feeding behavior in Drosophila

果蝇取食行为的色氨酸通道调控 觅食是所有动物行为中最基本的行为之一。在哺乳动物中，不同的信号包括 对食物特性和肠道机械刺激的化学感觉反应，调节饱腹感和 进食行为。这些机制，或类似的系统，在无脊椎动物中保存得很好。虽然 许多神经肽和神经递质已被鉴定为信号饱足感或饱足感，更少的是 知道肠道伸展和其他机械感官力量是如何发出信号来调节进食行为的。 由于它们的基本生理和神经特性具有显著的保守性，在 果蝇彻底改变了我们对动物行为的广泛理解。尽管成功地使用了 在研究睡眠、昼夜节律和记忆等范例方面，直到最近才有了工具 测量苍蝇的食物摄入量有助于研究取食行为。这个项目将使用果蝇 研究饮食摄入量的调节。新方法允许不受干扰的实时 测量行为自由的成年苍蝇的食物消耗，以无与伦比的精度解决 饮食和饥饿对食物大小的影响。建立了一个实验框架，用于定义苍蝇餐和 通过控制饮食、体内饥饿状态和昼夜节律来显示它们的基本调节。使用 果蝇中有强大的遗传工具，初步结果显示瞬时受体参与其中 调节进食的潜在色氨酸(Trp)通道。Trp通道定义了一个大的感觉家族 受体，还有很多关于它们如何作为化学、机械和其他类型的 感受器。拟议的研究将剖析Trp通道信号在饱腹感和食物大小中的作用。 对照，利用简化的果蝇模型中可用的工具。鉴于不断增加的 饮食摄入的重要性以及生理和健康模式--无论总卡路里摄入量如何-- 拟议的研究有可能揭示Trp通道信号在调节中的作用的关键见解 饮食行为、生理和新陈代谢。拟议的研究也可能最终为设计提供信息。 针对Trp通道的杀虫剂或在其他昆虫中的取食行为，包括农业害虫和 疾病媒介，如蚊子。

PROJECT SUMMARY: TRP channel regulation of feeding behavior in Drosophila Feeding is one of the most fundamental of all animal behaviors. In mammals, diverse signals, including chemosensory responses to food properties and mechanical stimulation of the gut, regulate satiation and feeding behavior. These mechanisms, or analogous systems, are well-conserved in invertebrates. Although many neuropeptides and neurotransmitters have been identified that signal satiation or satiety, much less is known about how gut stretch and other mechanosensory forces are signaled to regulate feeding behavior. Due to the remarkable conservation in their basic physiological and neurological properties, studies in Drosophila have revolutionized our broad understanding of animal behavior. Despite the successful use of flies in investigating paradigms such as sleep, circadian rhythm, and memory, only recently have tools for measuring fly food intake facilitated the study of feeding behavior. This project will use Drosophila melanogaster to investigate the regulation of meal intake. New methods allow undisturbed real-time measurements of food consumption in freely behaving adult flies that resolve with unrivalled accuracy the effects of diet and hunger on meal size. An experimental framework is established for defining fly meals and to show their basic regulation by manipulation of the diet, internal hunger state, and circadian rhythms. Using the powerful genetic tools available in Drosophila, preliminary results reveal the involvement of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the regulation of meal intake. TRP channels define a large family of sensory receptors, and much is still unknown about how they function as chemo-, mechano-, and other types of receptors. The proposed studies will dissect the role of TRP channel signaling in satiation and meal size control, taking advantage of the tools available in the simplified Drosophila model. Given the increasing importance of meal intake and patterning on physiology and health—regardless of total caloric intake—the proposed studies have the potential to reveal key insights on the role of TRP channel signaling on regulating prandial behavior, physiology, and metabolism. The proposed studies may also eventually inform the design of pesticides targeting TRP channels or feeding behavior in other insects, including agricultural pests and disease vectors such as mosquitos.