TRP channel regulation of feeding behavior in Drosophila

项目摘要：TRP 通道对果蝇摄食行为的调节 进食是所有动物行为中最基本的行为之一。在哺乳动物中，多种信号，包括 对食物特性和肠道机械刺激的化学感应反应，调节饱腹感和 摄食行为。这些机制或类似的系统在无脊椎动物中保存完好。虽然 许多神经肽和神经递质已被鉴定为饱腹感或饱足感的信号，更不用说 了解肠道拉伸和其他机械感觉力如何发出信号来调节进食行为。 由于其基本生理和神经特性的显着保守性，研究 果蝇彻底改变了我们对动物行为的广泛理解。尽管成功使用 苍蝇在研究睡眠、昼夜节律和记忆等范式方面取得了进展，直到最近才有工具 测量苍蝇食物摄入量有助于研究进食行为。该项目将使用果蝇 黑腹果蝇研究膳食摄入的调节。新方法允许不受干扰的实时 对自由行为的成年果蝇的食物消耗进行测量，以无与伦比的精度解决了 饮食和饥饿对膳食量的影响。建立了一个实验框架来定义苍蝇食物并 通过控制饮食、内部饥饿状态和昼夜节律来显示它们的基本调节。使用 果蝇中可用的强大遗传工具，初步结果揭示了瞬时受体的参与 膳食摄入调节中的潜在（TRP）通道。 TRP 通道定义了一大类感官 受体，并且关于它们如何作为化学、机械和其他类型的受体发挥作用仍然未知。 受体。拟议的研究将剖析 TRP 通道信号在饱腹感和膳食量中的作用 利用简化果蝇模型中可用的工具进行控制。鉴于日益增加的 膳食摄入量和模式对生理和健康的重要性——无论总热量摄入量是多少—— 拟议的研究有可能揭示 TRP 通道信号传导在调节中的作用的关键见解 膳食行为、生理学和新陈代谢。拟议的研究也可能最终为设计提供信息 针对其他昆虫（包括农业害虫和昆虫）的 TRP 通道或摄食行为的杀虫剂 疾病媒介，例如蚊子。

PROJECT SUMMARY: TRP channel regulation of feeding behavior in Drosophila Feeding is one of the most fundamental of all animal behaviors. In mammals, diverse signals, including chemosensory responses to food properties and mechanical stimulation of the gut, regulate satiation and feeding behavior. These mechanisms, or analogous systems, are well-conserved in invertebrates. Although many neuropeptides and neurotransmitters have been identified that signal satiation or satiety, much less is known about how gut stretch and other mechanosensory forces are signaled to regulate feeding behavior. Due to the remarkable conservation in their basic physiological and neurological properties, studies in Drosophila have revolutionized our broad understanding of animal behavior. Despite the successful use of flies in investigating paradigms such as sleep, circadian rhythm, and memory, only recently have tools for measuring fly food intake facilitated the study of feeding behavior. This project will use Drosophila melanogaster to investigate the regulation of meal intake. New methods allow undisturbed real-time measurements of food consumption in freely behaving adult flies that resolve with unrivalled accuracy the effects of diet and hunger on meal size. An experimental framework is established for defining fly meals and to show their basic regulation by manipulation of the diet, internal hunger state, and circadian rhythms. Using the powerful genetic tools available in Drosophila, preliminary results reveal the involvement of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the regulation of meal intake. TRP channels define a large family of sensory receptors, and much is still unknown about how they function as chemo-, mechano-, and other types of receptors. The proposed studies will dissect the role of TRP channel signaling in satiation and meal size control, taking advantage of the tools available in the simplified Drosophila model. Given the increasing importance of meal intake and patterning on physiology and health—regardless of total caloric intake—the proposed studies have the potential to reveal key insights on the role of TRP channel signaling on regulating prandial behavior, physiology, and metabolism. The proposed studies may also eventually inform the design of pesticides targeting TRP channels or feeding behavior in other insects, including agricultural pests and disease vectors such as mosquitos.