BLR&D Research Career Scientist Award Application

BLR

基本信息

批准号：
10516022
负责人：
XUE-RU WU
金额：
--
依托单位：
VA MEDICAL CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-10-01 至 2023-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10516022
关键词：
9p21 Ablation Affect Age Years American American Cancer Society Animal Model Appointment Award Basic Science Biochemistry Biological Biological Markers Bladder Bladder Neoplasm CDKN2A gene Cancer Diagnostics Cancer Etiology Cell Line Cell Proliferation Cellular biology Cisplatin Clinical Clinical Management Clinical Research Collaborations Communities Data Dependence Development Diagnosis Disease Disease Management Doctor of Philosophy Economic Burden Education Emotional Enzymes Epigenetic Process European Event Expenditure Faculty Female Foundations Funding General Population Genes Genetic Genetically Engineered Mouse Goals Grant Growth Growth Factor Receptors Healthcare Healthcare Systems Human In Vitro Incidence Journals Kidney Calculi Knock-in Knock-out Knowledge Laboratories Laboratory Finding Laboratory Research Lesion Malignant Neoplasms Malignant neoplasm of lung Malignant neoplasm of urinary bladder Medical Mentors Minor Mission Modality Modeling Molecular Morbidity - disease rate Mus Names Nature New York Oncogenes PIK3CG gene Pain Paper Papillary Papillary Neoplasm Pathogenesis Pathway interactions Patient Care Patients Peer Review Persons Phenotype Physical Sufferings Play Postdoctoral Fellow Predisposition Prevalence Prevention Prevention strategy Principal Investigator Procedures Process Prognosis Program Research Project Grants Protein Family Proteins Publishing Pyruvate Kinase Quality of life RNA Interference Receptor Activation Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases Recurrent disease Research Research Activity Research Personnel Research Support Resistance Risk Role Scientist Series Services Signal Transduction Smoker Smoking Specimen Spinal cord injury Surveys TP53 gene Therapeutic Tobacco smoking behavior Training Transgenic Organisms Translational Research Tumor Promotion Tumor Suppressor Genes Tumor Suppressor Proteins Tumorigenicity UMOD gene United States National Academy of Sciences United States National Institutes of Health Universities Urinary tract Urologic Diseases Urology Variant Veterans Warburg Effect Woman aging population anaerobic glycolysis anticancer research base body system calcification cancer cell cancer initiation cancer therapy carcinogenesis career chemical carcinogenesis clinical investigation combinatorial cost disorder prevention dosage economic impact improved in vivo insight interdisciplinary collaboration interest invention lifetime risk lost work time male member men molecular subtypes mortality mouse model multidisciplinary muscle invasive bladder cancer neglect non-smoker novel novel diagnostics novel strategies overexpression pain relief small molecule smoking-related cancer socioeconomics targeted treatment tool treatment strategy tumor tumor initiation tumor progression urinary urologic

项目摘要

This renewal application for Research Career Scientist (RCS) award seeks to continue the ongoing research activities by the incumbent that have been focused on the molecular pathogenesis of major urinary tract diseases including bladder cancer and kidney stone. Both diseases are highly prevalent among the Veterans, and inflict considerable emotional and physical suffering and staggering medical expenses. Despite the socioeconomic impact, research into the molecular pathogenesis of these diseases remains extremely limited, thus hampering the development of new diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive strategies. During the last award period, the laboratory of the RCS has made significant inroads in defining the key genetic and epigenetic determinants underlying the initiation and progression of bladder cancer and kidney stone. With respect to bladder cancer, the laboratory of the RCS identified several specific combinatorial genetic drivers that are responsible for the genesis and progression of the two major phenotypic variants of bladder cancer, e.g., low-grade superficial papillary tumors versus high-grade invasive tumors. Using a broad range of technical approaches including cultured cell lines, genetically engineered mice, chemical carcinogenesis, analysis of human specimens and high-throughput profiling, the laboratory found that the activation of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)/RAS/PI3K pathway collaborates with the loss of 9p21 tumor suppressors (e.g., CDKN2A and CDKN2B) to induce low-grade superficial papillary bladder cancer, and that the same activated RTK/RAS/PI3K pathway collaborates with the deficiency of RB family proteins or that of the p53 pathway effectors to induce high-grade muscle-invasive bladder cancer. In another series of studies supported by a VA Merit Review award, the laboratory of the RCS demonstrated that pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2), a key enzyme in anaerobic glycolysis or Warburg effect, is upregulated in most bladder cancers and plays a critical role in bladder cancer cell proliferation, and that genetic ablation of PKM2 markedly reduces bladder cancer growth in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of PKM2 by RNAi or small molecules also greatly decreases the acquired resistance of bladder cancer cells to cisplatin. These and other data to be detailed in the proposal are highly significant in not only improving our understanding of the molecular bases of bladder cancer pathogenesis, but also offer practical insights into novel strategies for bladder cancer diagnostics and treatment. With respect to kidney stone, the laboratory of the RCS continued to make major progress in unraveling the role and mechanisms of action of Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP or uromodulin), the most abundant urinary protein in humans, in urinary tract defense against kidney stone formation. The deficiency of THP renders animal models more susceptible to intra-renal calcification, via increased urinary supersaturation, that strongly resembles the early stages of idiopathic stone formation in humans. Because THP deficiency is often observed in patients, such data will have major implications on kidney stone pathogenesis and prevention. In the past four and a half years, the RCS obtained a VA Merit Award, a multidisciplinary NIH Program Project (PO1) grant and an NIH RO1 grant; published 49 peer-reviewed papers; spearheaded multiple collaborative projects with VA and non-VA investigators; continued to actively train junior faculty members and postdoctoral fellows; provided important services to local and national VA, university affiliates and research community at large. These accomplishments set the stage for the RCS to continue and expand his contributions to the mission of VA and university affiliates in helping advance research, education, patient care, mentoring, services and interdisciplinary collaborations.

这项续签研究职业科学家（RCS）奖的申请旨在继续进行的研究现任者的活性集中在主要尿路的分子发病机理上包括膀胱癌和肾结石在内的疾病。两种疾病在退伍军人中都非常普遍，并造成了巨大的情感和身体痛苦以及惊人的医疗费用。尽管有社会经济的影响，对这些疾病的分子发病机理的研究仍然极为有限，从而阻碍了新的诊断，治疗和预防策略的发展。最后奖励期，RCS的实验室在定义关键遗传和表观遗传决定因素是膀胱癌和肾结石的启动和进展的基础。和尊重膀胱癌，RC的实验室确定了几个特定的组合遗传驱动因素负责膀胱癌的两个主要表型变体的起源和进展，例如，低度表面乳头状肿瘤与高级浸润性肿瘤。使用广泛的技术方法，包括培养的细胞系，基因工程小鼠，化学癌变，人类标本和高通量分析的分析，实验室发现受体的激活酪氨酸激酶（RTK）/RAS/PI3K途径与9p21肿瘤抑制剂的损失（例如CDKN2A）合作和CDKN2B）诱导低度表面乳头状膀胱癌，并且相同的激活 RTK/RAS/PI3K途径与RB家族蛋白或p53途径的缺乏合作诱导高级肌肉侵入性膀胱癌的效应子。在另一系列研究中，由VA支持 RCS实验室优异审查奖表明，丙酮酸激酶2（PKM2）是一种关键酶厌氧性糖酵解或沃伯格效应在大多数膀胱癌中被上调，并且在膀胱癌细胞增殖，PKM2的遗传消融显着降低了膀胱癌的生长体内和体内。 RNAi或小分子对PKM2的抑制也大大降低了获得的电阻膀胱癌细胞到顺铂。这些在提案中要详细介绍的数据和其他数据在不仅提高了我们对膀胱癌发病机理的分子碱基的理解，而且还提供了对膀胱癌诊断和治疗的新型策略的实际见解。关于肾脏 Stone，RCS的实验室继续在揭示角色和机制方面取得了重大进展 Tamm-Horsfall蛋白（THP或泌尿蛋白）的作用，该蛋白是人类中最丰富的尿蛋白防御肾结石的防御。 THP的缺乏使动物模型更容易受到影响通过增加尿液过饱和度，与肾内钙化相似，与人类的特发性石头形成。由于经常在患者中观察到THP缺乏症，因此这些数据将对肾结石的发病机理和预防具有重大影响。在过去的四年半中， RCS获得了VA功绩奖，这是一个多学科NIH计划项目（PO1）赠款和NIH RO1赠款；发表了49份同行评审的论文；与VA和非VA率领多个协作项目调查人员；继续积极培训初级教师和博士后研究员；提供了重要的为弗吉尼亚州本地和国家，整个大学分支机构和研究社区提供服务。这些成就为RCS继续奠定了基础大学分支机构帮助进步研究，教育，患者护理，指导，服务和跨学科合作。