The power of 40 Hz sound/music for older adults with mild cognitive impairment

项目概要/摘要 阿尔茨海默氏病痴呆（AD）及其相关的进行性痴呆的治疗选择有限。 认知障碍，需要有针对性的干预措施，可能会减缓认知能力下降的进展， 预防或延迟轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者的AD发作。一种有希望的治疗方法 可能是伽马频率的听觉刺激。新的研究表明，40赫兹的声音可能 刺激伽马振荡和增强老年人的认知功能，但还有很多未知数。我们 小组创造了一种新的40赫兹音乐干预，它可以提供类似的伽马夹带， 可能更美观，允许评估长期使用40 Hz刺激对认知功能的影响。 功能我们将进行一项3治疗3阶段的试点交叉试验，以测试可行性和初步 40 Hz音乐（条件A）、40 Hz声音（条件B）和优选音乐（条件C）对神经元的功效 30名社区老年遗忘型MCI患者的γ活动和认知功能。的 参与者将被随机分为三组，并以不同的顺序暴露于所有三种条件。到 为了检查这三种情况对伽马夹带的影响，参与者将首先接受急性 音乐/声音刺激会话和头皮脑电图（EEG）将在会话期间记录。 接下来，参与者将被指示听取指定的条件序列，每个条件 4周（1小时/天，5天/周）。每种情况之间将有10天的洗脱期。半- 在完成每项条件后，将进行结构化面试。具体目标如下： 1：评估研究的可行性和三个条件：40 Hz的音乐，40 Hz的声音，和首选 MCI患者的音乐。定性数据将用于了解参与者的经验， 目的2：确定40 Hz音乐四周的初步疗效 与40 Hz声音和首选音乐相比对认知功能的影响;目的3：评估40 Hz声音和首选音乐对认知功能的影响。 音乐和40 Hz的声音在急性刺激期间的伽马夹带。本研究将首先 测试创新的40 Hz音乐和40 Hz声音干预的可行性和初步疗效， 认知功能在MCI的老年人，AD的高风险人群。这项研究的结果将提供 音乐/声音未来发展、选择、评估和实施的重要证据 对MCI老年人的认知健康进行干预。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT There are limited treatment options for Alzheimer’s disease dementia (AD) and its associated progressive cognitive impairment, calling for target interventions that potentially slow the progression of cognitive decline, prevent, or delay the onset of AD in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). One promising treatment possibility is auditory stimulation at gamma frequencies. Emerging research suggests that 40 Hz sound may stimulate gamma oscillations and enhance cognitive function in older adults, but much remains unknown. Our group has created a novel 40 Hz music intervention, which may provide similar gamma entrainment, and is likely more aesthetically pleasing, allowing an evaluation of the long-term use of 40 Hz stimulation on cognitive function. We will conduct a 3-treatment 3-period pilot crossover trial to test the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of 40 Hz music (Condition A), 40 Hz sound (Condition B) and preferred music (Condition C) on neural gamma activity and cognitive function in 30 community-dwelling older adults with amnestic MCI. The participants will be randomized to three groups with different sequences of exposure to all three conditions. To examine the effect of the three conditions on gamma entrainment, participants will first undergo an acute music/sound stimulation session and a scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) will be recorded during the session. Next, the participants will be instructed to listen to the assigned sequence of conditions, with each condition for four weeks (1 h/day, 5 days/week). There will be a 10-day wash-out break between each condition. Semi- structured interviews will be conducted after completing each condition. The specific aims are as follows: Aim 1: Evaluate the feasibility of the study and the three conditions: 40 Hz music, 40 Hz sound, and Preferred Music in older adults with MCI. Qualitative data will be used to understand the participant's experience and acceptability of the three conditions; Aim 2: Determine the preliminary efficacy of 40 Hz music for four weeks on cognitive function compared with 40 Hz sound and Preferred Music; Aim 3: Evaluate the effect of 40 Hz music and 40 Hz sound on gamma entrainment during the acute stimulation session. This study will be the first to test the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of innovative 40 Hz music and 40 Hz sound interventions on cognitive function in older adults with MCI, a high-risk population for AD. Findings from this study will provide important evidence for future development, selection, evaluation, and implementation of music/sound interventions for cognitive health in older adults with MCI.