Polygenic Risk Moderates the Impact of Greenness on Cardiovascular Health among HCHS/SOL Hispanic/Latinos

多基因风险调节绿色对HCHS/SOL人群心血管健康的影响 西班牙裔/拉丁裔 摘要 西班牙裔/拉丁裔是美国最大的少数民族群体，他们患代谢综合征（MetS）的风险相对较高， 由多种心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素组成，包括肥胖、高血压、高 胆固醇和高血糖邻里绿化（植物的存在）是一个新的和欠研究 CVD和MetS的保护因素，新出现的证据表明CVD和MetS的减少可能 通过优化环境绿色化来实现。然而，完全理解“如何”和“为 绿色对心血管健康的益处还没有完全阐明， 表明环境和生活方式暴露可以与CVD的遗传易感性相互作用。但没有 迄今为止的一项研究已经检验了遗传学是否会调节环境绿色暴露的关系。 CVD或MetS。因此，补编建议审查：（1）遗传学是否调节 绿色与心血管健康的关系;（2）那些遗传风险最大的参与者是否 显示出高绿色暴露的最大好处时，与那些参与者相比， 心血管疾病的遗传风险;（3）哪些特定的遗传变异可能对调节效应贡献最大 基因对心血管健康的影响 在母研究（R 01-HL-148880）的基础上，这项拟定的补充研究将是第一项研究性研究。 多基因风险评分（PRS）是否表明CVD风险较高，是否缓和绿色对 心血管健康为此，我们将同时调查生产者责任计划和绿色化的影响， 他们的相互作用，对心血管健康使用条件logistic回归模型，如以前已经 用于模拟遗传风险评分和生活方式因素对西班牙裔心血管健康的相互作用， 社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究（HCHS/SOL）队列。因此，建议的主要目的是 补充是检查是否多基因风险评分（PRS）表明CVD的风险较高，缓和 绿色对心血管健康的影响。我们假设，与最低水平的参与者相比， 心血管结局的多基因风险评分（PRS）的两个三分位数， PRS（即，显示CVD的最高风险）将显示高绿色暴露对 心血管健康，后者通过血压、血糖和血脂来测量。最后，一个计划 二次分析将寻求确定有助于PRS调节效应的特定遗传变异 绿色与心血管健康的关系。识别这些遗传变异可能有助于解释 绿色对心血管健康影响的机制。该提案的结果将 推进我们对心血管疾病遗传风险如何缓解绿色环境对健康的影响的理解， 心血管健康，这可能对规划政策或环境干预很重要（例如，树 种植;公园），以最大限度地降低西班牙裔/拉丁美洲人的CVD风险。

Polygenic Risk Moderates the Impact of Greenness on Cardiovascular Health among HCHS/SOL Hispanic/Latinos ABSTRACT Hispanics/Latinos, the largest U.S. minority group, are at relatively high risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS) which is comprised of multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors including obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and high blood glucose. Neighborhood greenness (vegetative presence) is a novel and understudied protective factor for CVD and MetS, with emerging evidence suggesting that reductions in CVD and MetS could be achieved by optimizing environmental greenness. However, a complete understanding of “how” and “for whom” greenness provides cardiovascular health benefits has not been fully elucidated, with recent work now showing that environment and lifestyle exposure can interact with genetic susceptibility to CVD. However, no study to date has examined whether genetics moderates the relationship of environmental greenness exposure to CVD or MetS. The supplement therefore proposes to examine: (1) whether genetics moderates the relationship of greenness to cardiovascular health; (2) whether those participants with the greatest genetic risk for CVD show the greatest benefit of high greenness exposures when compared to those participants with lower genetic risk for CVD; and (3) which specific genetic variants may be contributing most to the moderating effects of genetics on cardiovascular health. Building on the parent study (R01-HL-148880), this proposed supplemental study will be the first to investigative whether a polygenic risk score (PRS) indicating a higher risk of CVD, moderates the effect of greenness on cardiovascular health. We will do so by simultaneously investigating the effects of the PRS and Greenness, and their interaction, on cardiovascular health using conditional logistic regression models as has been previously used to model the interaction of genetic risk scores and lifestyle factors on cardiovascular health in the Hispanic Community Health Study / Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) cohort. Therefore, the primary aim of the proposed supplement is to examine whether a polygenic risk score (PRS) indicating a higher risk of CVD, moderates the effect of greenness on cardiovascular health. We hypothesize that, when compared to participants in the lowest two tertiles of polygenic risk score (PRS) for cardiovascular outcomes, those participants in the highest tertile of PRS (i.e., showing the highest risk for CVD) will show a greater benefit of high greenness exposures on cardiovascular health, the latter measured via blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid profile. Finally, a planned secondary analysis will seek to identify the specific genetic variants contributing to the moderating effects of PRS on the relationships of greenness to cardiovascular health. Identifying these genetic variants may help explain the mechanism underlying the greenness effect on cardiovascular health. Findings from this proposal will advance our understanding of how genetic risk for CVD may moderate the impact of greenness on cardiovascular health, which may be important for planning policy or environmental interventions (e.g., tree planting; parks) to best reduce the risk of CVD in Hispanics/Latinos.