Neighborhood Greenness and Cardiometabolic Health among Hispanics in the HCHS/SOL Study

在HCHS/SOL研究中，西班牙裔社区绿化与心脏代谢健康 摘要 项目总结： 拉美裔/拉丁裔是美国最大的少数群体，患代谢综合征(METS)的风险相对较高。 社区绿化(植物存在)是一种新的、尚未被研究的大都会医院的保护因素，它具有 还没有在西班牙裔遗产群体中进行系统的研究。NHLBI资助的西班牙裔社区 拉丁裔健康研究/研究(HCHS/SOL)是一项流行病学研究，重点是心血管疾病 疾病和相关风险因素，如甲型肝炎、糖尿病和高血压。在HCHS/SOL研究的基础上， 这项拟议的研究将是第一次前瞻性和纵向地调查邻里关系的影响 在西班牙裔群体内部和跨拉美裔群体的METS指标上的累积绿色度敞口。它将使用以下工具来实现此目的 迈阿密和圣地亚哥HCHS/SOL站点的约8,000名参与者的完整样本，这两个美国地区 有大量的西班牙裔/拉丁裔人口。因为这两个社区都在经历重大的绿化 干预措施，拟议的研究将调查自然绿化实验对#年大都会艺术博物馆的影响。 两座城市都是。该提案将通过访问1(2008-2011)、访问2(约6年后)获得住宅位置，以及 从高分辨率卫星图像计算累积绿度的介入性年度跟踪 每个参与者的暴露量，并确定其与中心性肥胖(腰围)和4 其他代谢产物指标(即血压、甘油三酯、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖)。累计 将对社区绿化进行评估，以反映环境的移动和变化。多个- 小组分析将检查累积绿色度与大都会指标之间的差异，按性别， 按地点和三个较大的西班牙裔亚群划分。我们将研究假想的生物途径： 具体地说，绿色与腰围变化的关系，这可能反过来影响其他4 METS指标通过以下每一项：(A)胰岛素抵抗，由HOMA-IR测量，和(B)炎症， 分别用C反应蛋白测定。假设的主持人(例如性；邻里可走性) 将审查大都会体育馆的绿色指标。计划的事后分析将检查以下方面的变化 绿色(例如，植树)与患甲型肝炎、糖尿病、高血压和高脂血症的风险有关；以及 体力活动和社会支持的可能作用(部分SOL参与者可用)作为 绿色与生物标记物(胰岛素抵抗、炎症)的关系。六氯环己烷/溶胶最近完成 参观2，适时提出这项建议。在两个参与的HCHS/SOL研究地点的PIS和协调 中心将是开展拟议研究不可或缺的一部分。有几个因素提高了效率和成本- 有效实现研究目标：有效的招聘/保留战略；大量关于 心脏代谢健康结局和相关行为/生物危险因素的不同样本 拉美裔/拉丁裔；促进数据获取的协调中心；以及HCHS/SOL的团队科学方法。

Neighborhood Greenness & Cardiometabolic Health among Hispanics in the HCHS/SOL Study ABSTRACT Project Summary: Hispanics/Latinos, the largest U.S. minority group, are at relatively high risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS). Neighborhood greenness (vegetative presence) is a novel and understudied protective factor for MetS that has not yet been systematically studied across Hispanic heritage groups. The NHLBI-funded Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) is an epidemiologic study with an emphasis on cardiovascular disease and related risk factors such as MetS, diabetes and hypertension. Building on the HCHS/SOL study, the proposed study will be the first to investigate prospectively and longitudinally, the impact of neighborhood cumulative greenness exposure on MetS indicators within and across Hispanic subgroups. It will do so using the full sample of ~8,000 participants for the Miami and San Diego HCHS/SOL sites, which are two U.S. areas with significant Hispanic/Latino populations. Because both communities are undergoing significant greening interventions, the proposed study will investigate the impact of the natural experiment in greening on MetS in both cities. This proposal will obtain residential location from Visit 1 (2008-2011), Visit 2 (~6 years later), and intervening annual follow-ups to calculate from high resolution satellite imagery cumulative greenness exposure for each participant, and determine its relationship to central adiposity (waist circumference) and 4 other MetS indicators (i.e., blood pressure, triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, fasting glucose). Cumulative exposure to neighborhood greenness will be assessed, reflecting moves and changes in environments. Multi- group analyses will examine differences in the relationship of cumulative greenness to MetS indicators, by sex, by site and by the three larger Hispanic subgroups. Hypothesized biological pathways will be examined: specifically, greenness’ relationship to changes in waist circumference, which may in turn impact the other 4 MetS indicators through each of: (a) insulin resistance, measured by HOMA-IR, and (b) inflammation, measured by C-Reactive Protein, respectively. Hypothesized moderators (e.g., sex; neighborhood walkability) of greenness to MetS indicators will be examined. Planned post-hoc analyses will examine changes in greenness (e.g., tree-planting) in relation to risk for MetS, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, and possible roles of physical activity and social support (available for a subset of SOL participants) as pathways in the relationship of greenness to biomarkers (insulin resistance, inflammation). HCHS/SOL recently completed Visit 2, making this proposal timely. PIs at the two participating HCHS/SOL Study sites and Coordinating Center will be integral to the conduct of the proposed study. Several factors increase the efficient and cost- effective accomplishment of study aims: effective recruitment/retention strategies; a large array of data on cardiometabolic health outcomes and related behavioral/biological risk factors in a diverse sample of Hispanics/Latinos; a Coordinating Center to facilitate data access; and HCHS/SOL’s team science approach.