Pre-Normative Research on Hydrogen Releases Assessment (NHyRa,

价值链上释放了多少氢(H2)？要回答这个问题非常具有挑战性，因为在文献中找不到足够的标准数据，而且如果有的话，也找不到标准化的数据。然而，必须填补这一知识鸿沟，才能就氢价值链对气候变化的影响进行任何可信和科学验证的研究。文献中充斥着调查和计算发生故障、事故和紧急情况下氢气泄漏风险的研究。但是，关于来自氢价值链的人为氢(在大气中)的量，存在着重大的知识差距。研究界需要通过提高量化小版本和大版本的能力来解决这个问题，提供经过验证的方法和技术来衡量或计算它们。需要尽快制定一份普遍接受的、开放获取的清单。同样，利益相关者也要求一个易于使用的开放访问和可理解的工具更好地量化H2价值链中的整体泄漏，同时势头正在快速聚集，以提升H2能源应用的档次。NHyra项目就是专门为满足这些紧急需求而设计的。该项目将提供一份《H2 Release》清单，作为科学界和工业界的参考。新的或充分适应的实验、理论和模拟方法将得到验证，以执行实验室或现场测量，以实现这一雄心勃勃的目标。联合体的合作伙伴还将对H2价值链中最关键的元素进行实验测试。将制定H2释放的中期(2030)和长期(2050)情景的完整图景，以使决策者能够确定有效的缓解行动并确定其优先顺序。最后，该项目将制定标准和技术规范建议。

How much hydrogen (H2) is released from the value chain? To answer the question is very challenging since insufficient and, when available, no standardized data can be found in the literature. However, it is essential to cover this knowledge gap to perform any credible and scientifically validated research regarding the H2 value chain impact on the climate change. The literature is full of studies investigating and calculating the risk of H2 leakages in case of failures, accidents, and emergencies. But significant knowledge gaps exist about the amount of anthropogenic H2 (in the atmosphere) from the H2 value chain. The research community needs to address this by improving the capability to quantify small and large releases, delivering validated methodologies and techniques for measuring or calculating them. A universally accepted and open-access inventory is needed as soon as possible. Likewise, an open access and comprehensible tool that is easy to be used is also asked by the stakeholders to better quantify the leaks from the whole in H2 value chain while the momentum is fast gathering to upscale H2 energy applications. The NHyRA project is specifically designed to address these urgent needs. The project will deliver a "H2 releases" inventory to serve as a reference for the scientific and industrial community. New or adequately adapted experimental, theoretical, and simulation methodologies will be validated to perform laboratory or in-field measurements to achieve the ambitious goal. Experimental tests will also be performed on the most critical elements of the H2 value chains by the partners of the Consortium. A complete picture of the H2 releases' scenarios in the middle (2030) and long (2050) term will be developed to enable decision-makers to identify and prioritize effective mitigation actions. And finally, the project will formulate recommendations for Standards and Technical Specifications.