Pre-Normative Research on Hydrogen Releases Assessment (NHyRa,

从价值链中释放出多少氢气（H2）？回答这个问题是非常具有挑战性的，因为文献中没有足够的标准化数据。然而，必须弥补这一知识差距，以便就H2价值链对气候变化的影响进行任何可信和科学验证的研究。文献中充满了调查和计算故障、事故和紧急情况下H2泄漏风险的研究。但是，对于来自H2价值链的人为H2（在大气中）的数量，存在着重大的知识缺口。研究界需要通过提高对小规模和大规模释放进行量化的能力，提供经过验证的方法和技术来测量或计算释放量，从而解决这一问题。需要尽快编制一份普遍接受和开放查阅的清单。同样，利益相关者也要求一种易于使用的开放式和可理解的工具，以更好地量化整个H2价值链的泄漏，同时快速聚集高端H2能源应用的势头。NHyRA项目是专门为满足这些迫切需求而设计的。该项目将提供一份“H2排放”清单，供科学界和工业界参考。将验证新的或适当调整的实验，理论和模拟方法，以进行实验室或现场测量，以实现雄心勃勃的目标。联合会的合作伙伴还将对H2价值链的最关键要素进行实验测试。将制定中期（2030年）和长期（2050年）氢气释放情景的完整图景，以使决策者能够确定有效的缓解行动并确定其优先次序。最后，该项目将制定标准和技术规范的建议。

How much hydrogen (H2) is released from the value chain? To answer the question is very challenging since insufficient and, when available, no standardized data can be found in the literature. However, it is essential to cover this knowledge gap to perform any credible and scientifically validated research regarding the H2 value chain impact on the climate change. The literature is full of studies investigating and calculating the risk of H2 leakages in case of failures, accidents, and emergencies. But significant knowledge gaps exist about the amount of anthropogenic H2 (in the atmosphere) from the H2 value chain. The research community needs to address this by improving the capability to quantify small and large releases, delivering validated methodologies and techniques for measuring or calculating them. A universally accepted and open-access inventory is needed as soon as possible. Likewise, an open access and comprehensible tool that is easy to be used is also asked by the stakeholders to better quantify the leaks from the whole in H2 value chain while the momentum is fast gathering to upscale H2 energy applications. The NHyRA project is specifically designed to address these urgent needs. The project will deliver a "H2 releases" inventory to serve as a reference for the scientific and industrial community. New or adequately adapted experimental, theoretical, and simulation methodologies will be validated to perform laboratory or in-field measurements to achieve the ambitious goal. Experimental tests will also be performed on the most critical elements of the H2 value chains by the partners of the Consortium. A complete picture of the H2 releases' scenarios in the middle (2030) and long (2050) term will be developed to enable decision-makers to identify and prioritize effective mitigation actions. And finally, the project will formulate recommendations for Standards and Technical Specifications.