Exploratory studies of spontaneous cortical activity in visual cortical development

视觉皮层发育中自发皮层活动的探索性研究

• 批准号: 10527992
• 负责人: MARCOS G FRANK
• 金额: $ 22.95万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10527992
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Animals; Brain; Child; Control Animal; Development; Developmental Process; Exploratory/Developmental Grant; Eye; Ferrets; Goals; Human; Image; Infant; Investigation; Mammals; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Microscopy; Modernization; Neonatal; Neurobiology; Neurons; Optics; Pattern; Polysomnography; Property; Psychotropic Drugs; REM Sleep; Recommendation; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Role; Shapes; Sleep; Sleep Disorders; Source; Structure; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; V1 neuron; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual evoked cortical potential; Visual system structure; area striata; awake; calcium indicator; cortex mapping; experience; experimental study; in vivo; infancy; insight; neuronal patterning; non rapid eye movement; novel; optogenetics; orientation selectivity; perinatal period; relating to nervous system; response; sleep abnormalities; vision development; visual processing

Summary Our overall goal is to investigate developmental processes in visual cortex (V1) that do not require visual experience but are instead influenced by endogenous neuronal activity. This initial experience-independent stage of development is critically important for the formation of rudimentary circuits that are subsequently sculpted by visual experience. Neonatal mammals spend most of their time in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, which suggests that this brain state provides a principal source of endogenous activity to the developing brain. This idea has not been explored in depth using current neurobiological methods. The proposed exploratory research will thus provide important new insights into how sleep and experience together shape developing circuitry and how abnormal sleep during infancy may adversely impact brain development. To achieve our goal, we will measure V1 activity in developing ferrets to determine if spontaneous activity in REM sleep is structured in a manner that may instruct or maintain developing circuits. We will then directly test the role of REM sleep V1 activity in the development of visual response properties. This will be accomplished using a combination of polysomnography, genetically encoded calcium indicator imaging and optogenetics (optimized for small mammals). This A1 proposal has been revised in accordance with recommendations from prior review.

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