The impact of early life adversity on brain network development in youth

早年逆境对青少年大脑网络发育的影响

• 批准号: 10539202
• 负责人: Rasmus Matthias Birn
• 金额: $ 37.54万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-03 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10539202
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Childhood; Cognitive; Conflict (Psychology); Coupled; Crime; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Dimensions; Disease; Early identification; Emotional; Exposure to; Family; Foundations; Goals; Growth; Image; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Knowledge; Longitudinal Studies; Machine Learning; Maps; Mental disorders; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Neurobiology; Onset of illness; Outcome Study; Pathway interactions; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Properdin; Psychopathology; Puberty; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Resistance; Rest; Risk; Sample Size; Sex Differences; Sexual abuse; Social support; Symptoms; System; Time; Validation; Violence; Work; Youth; base; brain behavior; childhood adversity; cognitive development; cognitive load; cohort; community violence; critical developmental period; early experience; early life adversity; early life stress; experience; indexing; insight; multidisciplinary; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; novel; personalized intervention; physical abuse; predictive marker; prospective; psychiatric symptom; relating to nervous system; risk prediction; sex

PROJECT SUMMARY Early life adversity (ELA), such as physical or sexual abuse, witnessing a crime, family conflict, or community violence, can have prolonged effects and significantly increases the risk for later psychopathology. Experiencing such adversity can result in a wide range of psychiatric disorders, which have been found to be more resistant to treatment. Further complicating intervention efforts, some youth exposed to ELA continue to show normal functioning and behavior over time (“adaptive” or “resilient”), while others show increasing psychiatric symptoms and go on to develop psychiatric disorders (“vulnerable”). The factors and neurobiological mechanisms that underlie this variability and that prospectively identify those at greatest risk are not yet well understood. This is a critical knowledge gap in the ability to help youth who have experienced early life adversity. Recent research suggests that youth with ELA have abnormal function and connectivity within and between 3 core brain networks which support emotional reactivity and cognitive-emotional control - the salience network (SN), frontoparietal network (FPN), and default mode network (DMN), and changes in these networks are associated with a wide range of psychopathology. To date, however, no study has systematically examined the relative developmental trajectories of these core networks, how they are altered by ELA exposure, and how such alterations relate to the expression of general psychopathology risk and unique dimensions of internalizing vs. externalizing. The proposed study addresses these gaps of knowledge by examining the association between ELA, FPN, DMN, and SN network development, and both overall psychopathological load as well as specific dimensions of psychopathology using data from a large cohort (n=11,873) of adolescents from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Demographic, environmental, and behavioral data are acquired every year and neuroimaging data are acquired every 2 years, starting at age 9-10y. This is a critical developmental period, the entrance into puberty, characterized by both a rapid emergence of psychiatric disorders as well as sex differences in the prevalence of internalizing and externalizing disorders. The function and interaction of SN, FPN, and DMN are examined both at rest and during cognitive load to determine the extent to which ELA-related network alterations are modality specific. Data are analyzed using both model-based and data-driven methods. Finally, this research uses both model- based prediction and machine learning to determine potential early predictors of later psychopathology.

项目总结 早期生活逆境(ELA)，例如身体或性虐待、目睹犯罪、家庭冲突或社区 暴力，可能会产生持久的影响，并极大地增加后来患精神病的风险。 经历这样的逆境会导致广泛的精神障碍，已经发现 对治疗更具抵抗力。使干预工作进一步复杂化的是，一些接触ELA的青年继续 表现出随时间推移的正常功能和行为(“适应性”或“弹性”)，而其他人则表现出增长 精神症状，并继续发展成精神障碍(“脆弱”)。这些因素和 神经生物学机制是这种变异性的基础，并前瞻性地识别出风险最高的人 还没有被很好地理解。这是帮助有经验的年轻人的能力方面的一个关键的知识缺口 早年的逆境。最近的研究表明，患有ELA的青少年功能和连接性异常 在支持情绪反应和认知-情绪控制的3个核心大脑网络内和之间- 突出网络(SN)、额顶网络(FPN)和默认模式网络(DMN)，以及 这些网络与广泛的精神病理学有关。然而，到目前为止，还没有研究表明 系统地研究了这些核心网络的相对发展轨迹，以及它们是如何改变的 通过ELA暴露，以及这种变化如何与一般精神病理风险和 内化与外化的独特之处。拟议的研究解决了这些知识差距。 通过检查ELA、FPN、DMN和SN网络开发之间的关联，以及两者的总体 精神病理负荷以及精神病理学的特定维度使用来自大型队列的数据 (n=11,873)来自青少年大脑认知发展(ABCD)研究的青少年。人口统计数据， 环境和行为数据每年采集一次，神经成像数据每2次采集一次 几年，从9岁到10岁开始。这是一个关键的发育时期，进入青春期，特点是 精神障碍的迅速出现以及内在化流行率的性别差异 和外在性障碍。研究了静息状态下SN、FPN和DMN的功能及其相互作用 在认知负荷期间，以确定与ELA相关的网络改变是特定于通道的程度。 使用基于模型的方法和数据驱动的方法来分析数据。最后，这项研究使用了这两个模型- 基于预测和机器学习，以确定后来的精神病理学的潜在早期预测因子。