Tuberculosis & HIV Co-Infection Training Program in Kenya

摘要 结核病（TB）是艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）死亡的主要原因。尽管 100多年前发现结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）， 60多年来，控制结核病仍然存在巨大的障碍，包括缺乏高效的 疫苗、长期药物治疗方案、预防感染和杀死巨噬细胞内的休眠杆菌。 为了解决这些问题，需要制定和结合新的研究和公共卫生战略 在结核病高发国家加强培训和地方能力建设。肯尼亚是结核病高发的30个国家之一 这些国家的结核病病例占全球结核病病例的80%以上。内罗毕大学， 肯尼亚医学研究所（KEMRI）和华盛顿大学（UW）提出了一种新的 结核病-艾滋病毒培训方案（TBHTP），以满足这些需求。TBHTP包括密切的伙伴关系， 肯尼亚与卫生部的国家结核病、麻风病和肺病方案，以及 肯尼亚儿科研究联合会（KEPRECON）-附属于肯尼亚的研究组织 儿科协会（KPA）。我们计划的主要目标是合作开发培训 在培训和研究能力建设方面满足当地需求的机会。这种合作关系建立在35- 一年的合作和培训的历史，在艾滋病毒研究之间的UW，KEMRI，和UoN。虽然这 尽管伙伴关系非常成功，但结核病尚未成为高度优先事项或先前努力的重点目标。到 建立肯尼亚环境管理研究所和内罗毕大学（UoN）进行结核病和结核病-艾滋病毒合并感染的能力 研究，我们建议实施一个长期的培训学位赚取轨道，一个中期的培训非， 一个是短期培训，一个是短期培训。在5年的时间里，我们将培养5名UW MPH，5名UON 流行病学研究金，5名在KEMRI、UoN或MoH工作的UoN博士生。我们还将训练 10名对结核病研究有兴趣和潜力的中期非学位科学家将参加华盛顿大学， 流行病学和生物统计学课程或在实验室工作一到三个月，然后返回 肯尼亚，并参与一个指导研究项目。最后，我们将举办短期研讨会， 在线课程，以建立训练有素的研究人员的临界质量，他们将创造一个支持环境， TB的研究。这些培训机会将共同提高当地能力， 这一代领导人将发现新的研究和公共卫生战略，以打击结核病 肯尼亚的疫情。

Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death in people living with HIV infection (PLHIV). Despite the discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) over 100 years ago and the availability of effective drugs for over 60 years, there remain formidable hurdles for controlling TB including the lack of a highly efficacious vaccine, long drug treatment regimens, prevention of infection, and killing dormant bacilli within macrophages. To address these problems, novel research and public health strategies need to be developed and coupled with enhanced training and local capacity building in high TB endemic countries. Kenya is one of 30 TB high burden countries which together constitute over 80% of global TB cases. The University of Nairobi (UoN), the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) and the University of Washington (UW) propose a new TB-HIV Training Program (TBHTP) to address these needs. The TBHTP includes close partnerships in Kenya with the Ministry of Health National Tuberculosis Leprosy and Lung Disease Program (MoH NTLP), and the Kenya Pediatric Research Consortium (KEPRECON) – the research organization affiliated with the Kenya Pediatric Association (KPA). The primary goal of our program is to collaboratively develop training opportunities to address local needs in training and research capacity building. This partnership builds on a 35- year history of collaboration and training in HIV research between UW, KEMRI, and UoN. Although this partnership has been highly successful, TB has not been a high priority or focused goal of previous efforts. To build the capacity of KEMRI and the University of Nairobi (UoN) to conduct TB and TB-HIV co-infection research, we propose to implement a long-term training degree-earning track, a medium-term training non- degree track, and a short-term training track. During the 5-year period, we will train 5 UW MPH, 5 UoN Fellowship in Epidemiology, and 5 UoN PhD students working at KEMRI, UoN, or the MoH. We will also train 10 medium term non-degree scientists who have interest and potential in TB research will attend UW and take coursework in epidemiology and biostatistics or work in a laboratory for one to three months before returning to Kenya and engaging in a mentored research project. Finally, we will conduct short term workshops and provide on-line courses to build a critical mass of trained researchers who will create a supportive environment for research in TB. Together, these training opportunities will enhance local capacity and train the next generation of leaders who will discover novel research and public health strategies to combat the TB epidemic in Kenya.