MODELS OF AGING--THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF COGNITION
MODELS OF AGING--THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF COGNITION
批准号:
2054091
负责人:
DONALD Lloyd FISHER
金额:
$6.87万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
1994
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
1994-09-30 至 1997-06-30
中文摘要
一段时间以来,调查人员一直辩称,有一位将军
随着年龄的增长,认知过程变慢。事实上,证据显示
似乎压倒性地支持这样的说法。不过,最近,
一些调查人员辩称,放缓的程度在不同的领域有所不同。
其他研究人员认为,减速因任务或任务的不同而异
流程转到下一步。因此,普遍放缓的模式一直在慢慢地
输给了其他不太通用的型号。不幸的是,所有的测试
到目前为止,各种减速模型在很大程度上忽略了内容,
认知过程网络的配置和能力
管理老年人和年轻人的表现。这是令人遗憾的
因为正如一些调查人员最近辩称的那样,一个关键的测试
减速的各种模型需要对此有详细的了解
微观结构。从理论上讲,拟议研究的目标是
开发并承担必要的模型关键测试
一般的、特定于领域的、特定于任务的和特定于流程的减速。
这些测试依赖于响应时间建模的最新发展,这使得
既有可能识别复杂认知网络的结构
并估计这种网络中嵌入的过程的持续时间。这个
测试将基于实验室任务。实际上,我们的目标是
确定实验室的发现是否适用于现场,并在
尤其是,实验室的发现是否能解释差异
年轻人和老年人的驾驶技能之间的差异。测试的基础将是
关于在完全仪表化或模拟的情况下执行的驾驶任务
车辆。同样的衰老模型应该可以预测这些驾驶的减速
预测在实验室任务中速度变慢的任务,如果结果确实是这样
从实验室推广到田间。总括而言,建议的
研究是一种尝试,利用已知的关于数学的知识
认知微结构探讨增龄性减慢
实验室和应用环境中的流程。这种方法可以
潜在地提供了对衰老影响的根源的见解,
目前的方法太粗暴,无法捕捉到。
英文摘要
For some time now, investigators have argued that there is a general
slowing of cognitive processes with advancing age. In fact, the evidence
has seemed overwhelmingly to favor such an account. However, recently
several investigators have argued that slowing varies across domains.
Other investigators have argued that slowing varies from one task or
process to the next. Thus, the model of general slowing has slowly been
losing ground to the other less general models. Unfortunately, all tests
to date of the various models of slowing have largely ignored the content,
configuration and capacity of the network of cognitive processes which
governs the performance of older and younger adults. This is unfortunate
because as a number of investigators have recently argued, a critical test
of the various models of slowing requires a detailed knowledge of this
microstructure. Theoretically, the objective of the proposed research is
to develop and then undertake the necessary critical tests of the models
of general, domain-specific, task-specific and process-specific slowing.
The tests rely on recent developments in response time modeling which make
it possible both to identify the structure of complex cognitive networks
and to estimate the durations of processes embedded in such networks. The
tests will be based on laboratory tasks. Practically, the objective is to
determine whether the laboratory findings generalize to the field, and in
particular, whether the laboratory findings can explain differences
between younger and older adults' driving skills. The tests will be based
on driving tasks performed in either a fully instrumented or simulated
vehicle. The same model of aging should predict slowing in these driving
tasks that predicts slowing in the laboratory tasks if indeed the results
from the laboratory generalize to the field. In summary, the proposed
research is an attempt to use what is known about the mathematics of the
microstructure of cognition to explore the age related slowing of
processes in both a laboratory and applied setting. This approach can
potentially yield insights into the locus of aging effects which other
current methods are too gross to capture.
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会议论文
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批准号:8117689
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$16.93万
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财政年份:2007
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依托单位:
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资助金额:$17.9万
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财政年份:2007
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依托单位:
Newly-licensed Driver Crashes: Causes and Remediation
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批准号:7353478
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$18.26万
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财政年份:2007
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负责人:DONALD Lloyd FISHER
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依托单位:
Newly-licensed Driver Crashes: Causes and Remediation
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批准号:7895539
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$17.67万
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财政年份:2007
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负责人:DONALD Lloyd FISHER
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依托单位:
Newly-licensed Driver Crashes: Causes and Remediation
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批准号:7660350
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$17.87万
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财政年份:2007
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负责人:DONALD Lloyd FISHER
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依托单位:
A MODEL FOR PREDICTION CTDS DUE TO REPETITIVE LOADING
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批准号:6044106
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$2.49万
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财政年份:1999
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负责人:DONALD Lloyd FISHER
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依托单位:
MODELS OF AGING--THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF COGNITION
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批准号:2054093
-
项目类别:
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资助金额:$6.72万
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财政年份:1994
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负责人:DONALD Lloyd FISHER
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依托单位:
MODELS OF AGING--THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF COGNITION
-
批准号:2054092
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$7.09万
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财政年份:1994
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负责人:DONALD Lloyd FISHER
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依托单位:
A SINGLE PROCESS THEORY OF VISUAL SEARCH
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批准号:3377767
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$4.35万
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财政年份:1985
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负责人:DONALD Lloyd FISHER
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依托单位:
A SINGLE PROCESS THEORY OF VISUAL SEARCH
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批准号:3377763
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$2.75万
-
财政年份:1985
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负责人:DONALD Lloyd FISHER
-
依托单位:
A SINGLE PROCESS THEORY OF VISUAL SEARCH
-
批准号:3377766
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$3.28万
-
财政年份:1985
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负责人:DONALD Lloyd FISHER
-
依托单位:
国内基金
海外基金
基于Situated Cognition的适应性概念设计方法学研究
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批准号:50505025
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项目类别:青年科学基金项目
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资助金额:18.0万元
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批准年份:2005
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负责人:陈泳
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依托单位: