REGULATION OF METAMORPHOSIS BEHAVIOR IN THE TSETSE FLY

采采蝇变态行为的调控

• 批准号: 2063270
• 负责人: DAVID L DENLINGER
• 金额: $ 14.35万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-06-01 至 1996-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2063270
• 关键词: Muscidae; afferent nerve; central nervous system; circadian rhythms; disease vectors; environmental adaptation; ethology; female; innervation; invertebrate cuticle; larva; life cycle; metamorphosis; muscle contraction; neural information processing; neurobiology; neurotransmitters; trypanosomiasis; uterus

This proposal will enable the investigators to participate with scientists in Kenya on a research program aimed at the discovery of regulatory mechanisms that serve to coordinate metamorphosis behavior in tsetse, the vector of African trypanosomiasis. The goal of the initial funding period was to obtain a good overview of the behavior associated with tsetse metamorphosis, but we now focus primarily on a sub-set of these behaviors, parturition and pupariation, two events that appear to be particularly vulnerable to disruption. Tsetse has a peculiar reproductive strategy in which larval development is completed within the uterus of the female, and she gives birth to a fully developed third instar larva that pupariates within an hour after being deposited. Parturition is achieved through a sequence of internal contractions that can be monitored with a sensitive barographic technique. This technique, along with in vitro preparations of uterine muscle, will be used to evaluate the efficacy of brain extracts, known hormones and other agents in eliciting or blocking the parturition response, and at the conclusion of these experiments we anticipate presenting a model explaining how parturition is mediated and how it may be disrupted. In tsetse larvae, unlike other flies, the CNS plays a major role in regulating the onset of pupariation and cuticular tanning. The CNS is the recipient of sensory information that evaluates the suitability of a potential pupariation site, and it is the CNS, that relays this information directly to the epidermal cells through nervous conduits. The site of sensory input will be determined by a combination of selective destruction of small regions of the cuticle and an anatomical examination of cuticular ultrastructure and innervation. Innervation of the epidermis will be examined to understand how the message from the CNS is relayed to the epidermal cells, and this path of transmission will be probed using pharmacological agents and known neurotransmitters. In addition, a series of experiments already underway will determine the environmental cues used to drive the daily rhythm of adult eclosion that peaks in mid-afternoon. This study should provide a basis for understanding metamorphosis behavior and its regulation in tsetse and may thus augment strategies for the control of this important pest species.

这项建议将使调查人员能够与科学家一起参与 在肯尼亚进行一项研究计划，旨在发现 协调采采蝇变态行为的机制， 非洲锥虫的媒介。初始供资期的目标 是为了更好地了解采采蝇的行为 但我们现在主要关注的是这些行为的一个子集， 分娩和蛹化，这两个事件似乎特别重要， 易受干扰。 采采蝇有一种特殊的繁殖策略， 幼虫发育在雌性子宫内完成， 她生下一只发育完全的三龄幼虫， 一小时后被释放。 分娩是通过 一系列的内部收缩，可以监测与敏感的 气压记录技术这项技术，沿着体外制备的 子宫肌，将用于评估脑提取物的功效， 已知的激素和其他药物引起或阻断分娩 反应，并在这些实验的结论，我们预计 提出一个模型，解释分娩是如何介导的，以及它如何 被打乱。 在采采蝇幼虫中，与其他苍蝇不同，CNS在以下方面起主要作用： 调节蛹化和表皮晒黑的开始。CNS是 感官信息的接受者，该信息评估一个 潜在的蛹化部位，是中枢神经系统， 信息通过神经导管直接传递给表皮细胞。的 感觉输入的部位将由选择性的 角质层小区域的破坏和解剖学检查 表皮超微结构和神经支配。表皮的神经支配 将被检查，以了解如何从中枢神经系统的消息被中继到 表皮细胞，这条传播途径将用 药理学试剂和已知的神经递质。 此外，已经进行的一系列实验将确定 环境线索用来驱动成虫羽化的日常节奏， 下午三点左右达到高峰。 本研究应为了解变态行为提供依据 及其在采采蝇中的调节，从而可能增加 控制这一重要的害虫种类。