Understanding surface contamination of cold cathode emitters

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Healthcare need: Computed Tomography (CT) capability in many hospitals worldwide is under-constraint, resulting in delays to planned procedures. CT scans are expensive per scan, and the increasing use (typically>10% per year) is a factor in driving healthcare costs beyond inflation. There is a need for a lower-cost, lower-dose 3D imaging capability in healthcare. Significance: 3D imaging is a fundamental clinical tool as it enhances the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis, and allows enhanced characterisation over time. Innovation: Low-dose 3D 'Digital Tomosynthesis' ('DT') imaging is currently achieved using a source on a computer controlled mover, or using a series of separate stationary tubes. Current DT solutions (used in Breast Imaging and General Radiology) are expensive (circa $450,000 fully installed) and so large the solution can only be fixed in place. The Adaptix Flat Panel Source facilitates a highly portable and low-cost tomosynthesis solution with enhanced resolution. Outcome: We see a way to allow to produce a 3D imaging solution, small (circa 20kg) and cheap enough (<$100,000) to be deployed on a mobile basis within hospitals and polyclinics. The innovative analysis by NPL will enable understanding of the variation in emitter tip performance and aid developments that enhance lifetme, reduce variation and reduce manufactutring costs.