CONSTRUCTION TASKS FOR OVEREXERTION INJURIES

过度运动损伤是世界上最大的损伤类别 建筑，约占所有受伤人数的24%。这样做的目的是 项目是确定具体的施工任务，将工艺 工人有过度劳累、受伤和精神紊乱的高风险。高风险 然后可以识别任务，以便可以应用人体工学原理 修改任务或工作环境以适应人类能力 和局限性。 该项目的具体目标是： 1.制定一份完整的目录，列出所有施工任务-- 根据的分层分类，在基本任务级别逐步执行 由埃弗雷特开发的建筑现场作业。 2.将每个任务作为一个整体进行分析，并对每个任务的每个步骤进行 过度运动损伤的七个一般危险因素的存在： 重复用力、静态用力、用力用力、局部用力 机械应力、姿态应力、低温和振动。 3.使用上面的方法识别几个暴露工艺的任务 工人因过度劳累而受伤的风险最高 工作场所干预，以减少这些任务的人体工程学压力。 4.量化或衡量因以下原因而减少的风险 上文#3中的干预措施是广泛应用 在上面的第一条和第二条中获得的知识。 我们假设有可能找出 对于许多特定的建筑任务来说，过度劳累的伤害是 在技术上和经济上都是可行的，可以减少许多建设任务 对手工艺工人的体力要求的水平。 如果本项目中提出的方法成功地减少了 过度劳损，由此产生的知识将广为流传 在提高职业健康安全、扩大就业中的应用 为妇女、年长工人和建筑工人提供机会 由于先前的过度运动受伤而部分残废。

Overexertion injuries are the single largest classification of injury in construction, accounting for about 24% of all injuries. The goal of this project is to identify specific construction tasks which place craft workers at high risk for overexertion injuries and disorders. High risk tasks can then be identified so that ergonomic principles can be applied to modify the task or work environment to accommodate human capabilities and limitations. The specific aims of this project are to: 1. Develop a complete catalog of all construction tasks broken down step- by-step at the Basic Task Level according to the hierarchical taxonomy of construction field operations developed by Everett. 2. Analyze each task as a whole and each step of each task for the presence of the seven generic risk factors for overexertion injuries: repetitive exertions, static exertions, forceful exertions, localized mechanical stresses, posture stresses, low temperature, and vibration. 3. Use the above methods to identify several tasks which expose craft workers to the highest risks for overexertion injuries and develop workplace interventions to reduce ergonomic stresses for those tasks. 4. Quantify or measure the reduction of risk resulting from the interventions in #3 above as prototypes for widespread application of the knowledge gained in #1 and #2 above. We hypothesize that it is possible to identify the underlying causes of overexertion injuries for many specific construction tasks and that it is technically and economically feasible on many construction tasks to reduce the level of physical demands placed on craft workers. If the approach proposed in this project is successful in reducing overexertion injuries, the resulting knowledge would have widespread application in improving occupational health and safety, and expanding job opportunities for women, older workers, and construction workers who are partially disabled due to previously suffered overexertion injuries.