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ATTENTIONAL DEFICIT CHILDREN: A DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS

注意力缺陷儿童：维度分析

基本信息

批准号：
3377187
负责人：
Roscoe Arnold Dykman
金额：
$ 12.56万
依托单位：
UNIV OF ARKANSAS FOR MED SCIS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1984
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1984-04-01 至 1990-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study will map certain dimensional aspects of personality (impulsivity, anxiety-proneness, and sensation seeking) and laboratory measures of nervous system sensitivity in 200 heterogeneous, clinically and school referred attention deficit disordered (ADD) subjects (structured interview diagnosis) and 50 controls. Behavioral and physiological measures will be obtained during augmentation-reduction and signal detection procedures. The primary goal is to construct a decision tree that will enhance the DSM-III diagnosis of ADD subjects in the sense of making it more predictive of clinical outcome at follow-up. Past research of ours and others indicates that an augmentation-reduction procedure, in which the individual responds to tones of increasing intensity, differentiates hyperactive ADD children from controls and is predictive of therapeutic drug dose. We will attempt to replicate and extend these results using signal detection techniques which would appear to be superior to augmenting procedures for purposes of studying nervous system sensitivity and attentional processes. Russian investigators refer to sensitivity as strength. This is assessed by them as a subject's ability to detect stimuli low in intensity and/or to withstand strong stimuli. We extend this definition to include four hypothesized relatively independent dimensions: sensitivity to tones low and high in intensity and sensitivity to reward and punishment. These four laboratory measures will be correlated with dimensional aspects of personality, including impulsivity, aggressivity, anxiety-proneness, and sensation seeking. Subjects will be grouped post hoc in several ways: (a) on the basis of DSM-III diagnosis; (b) on the basis of DSM-III and personality attributes; (c) on the basis of DSM-III diagnoses and sensitivity indices; and (d) on the basis of DSM-III, personality, and sensitivity measures. We hypothesize that (b), (c) and (d) will be more predictive of clinical outcome than (a). We also expect (b) to correlate more closely with the laboratory measures of sensitivity than (a), but expect (b) and (c) to be independent predictors of outcome and to correlate about equally with outcome. And we expect (d) to be the best predictor of outcome, particularly for children receiving methylphenidate.

这项研究将绘制人格的某些维度（冲动、焦虑倾向和感觉寻求）和实验室 200 种异质性、临床和临床症状的神经系统敏感性测量学校推荐的注意力缺陷障碍（ADD）科目（结构化访谈诊断）和 50 个对照。行为和生理测量将在增减和信号过程中获得检测程序。主要目标是构建决策树这将增强 DSM-III 对 ADD 受试者的诊断使其更能预测随访时的临床结果。我们和其他人过去的研究表明，增强-减少程序，其中个人对逐渐增加的音调做出反应强度，将多动ADD儿童与对照组区分开来预测治疗药物剂量。我们将尝试复制和使用信号检测技术扩展这些结果优于用于研究神经的增强程序系统敏感性和注意力过程。俄罗斯调查人员称以敏感为力量。这被他们评估为受试者的检测低强度刺激和/或承受强刺激的能力刺激。我们扩展这个定义以包括四个假设的相对独立维度：对强度低和高的音调的敏感性对奖励和惩罚的敏感性。这四项实验室措施将与人格的维度方面相关，包括冲动、攻击性、焦虑倾向和寻求感觉。主题将通过以下几种方式事后分组： (a) 基于 DSM-III 诊断； (b) 基于 DSM-III 和人格属性； (c) 基于 DSM-III 诊断和敏感性指数； (d) 于 DSM-III、人格和敏感性测量的基础。我们假设 (b)、(c) 和 (d) 更能预测临床结果比（a）。我们还期望 (b) 与实验室测量的灵敏度高于（a），但预计（b）和（c）是结果的独立预测因素并与结果。我们期望 (d) 是结果的最佳预测因子，特别是对于接受哌醋甲酯治疗的儿童。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（6）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

简单调节范式中的事件相关电位（ERP）。

DOI：
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology. Supplement
影响因子：
0
作者：
Dykman,RA
通讯作者：
Dykman,RA

Visual slow brain potentials in children with attention deficit disorder.

注意力缺陷障碍儿童的视觉迟缓脑电位。

DOI：
10.1007/bf02691280
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
Integrative physiological and behavioral science : the official journal of the Pavlovian Society
影响因子：
0
作者：
Newton,JE;Oglesby,DM;Ackerman,PT;Dykman,RA
通讯作者：
Dykman,RA

ADD students with and without dyslexia differ in sensitivity to rhyme and alliteration.

有或没有阅读障碍的 ADD 学生对韵律和头韵的敏感度不同。