ATTENTIONAL DEFICIT CHILDREN: A DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS

注意力缺陷儿童：维度分析

• 批准号: 3377190
• 负责人: Roscoe Arnold Dykman
• 金额: $ 9.51万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF ARKANSAS FOR MED SCIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1984
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1984-04-01 至 1988-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3377190
• 关键词: aggression; anxiety; attention; attention deficit disorder; auditory stimulus; behavior test; child mental disorders; electroencephalography; human subject; impulsive behavior; learning disorders; mental disorder chemotherapy; mental disorder diagnosis; methylphenidate; middle childhood (6-11); nervous system; personality; personality tests; psychophysiology; reinforcer; stimulus /response; visual stimulus

This study will map certain dimensional aspects of personality (impulsivity, anxiety-proneness, and sensation seeking) and laboratory measures of nervous system sensitivity in 200 heterogeneous, clinically and school referred attention deficit disordered (ADD) subjects (structured interview diagnosis) and 50 controls. Behavioral and physiological measures will be obtained during augmentation-reduction and signal detection procedures. The primary goal is to construct a decision tree that will enhance the DSM-III diagnosis of ADD subjects in the sense of making it more predictive of clinical outcome at follow-up. Past research of ours and others indicates that an augmentation-reduction procedure, in which the individual responds to tones of increasing intensity, differentiates hyperactive ADD children from controls and is predictive of therapeutic drug dose. We will attempt to replicate and extend these results using signal detection techniques which would appear to be superior to augmenting procedures for purposes of studying nervous system sensitivity and attentional processes. Russian investigators refer to sensitivity as strength. This is assessed by them as a subject's ability to detect stimuli low in intensity and/or to withstand strong stimuli. We extend this definition to include four hypothesized relatively independent dimensions: sensitivity to tones low and high in intensity and sensitivity to reward and punishment. These four laboratory measures will be correlated with dimensional aspects of personality, including impulsivity, aggressivity, anxiety-proneness, and sensation seeking. Subjects will be grouped post hoc in several ways: (a) on the basis of DSM-III diagnosis; (b) on the basis of DSM-III and personality attributes; (c) on the basis of DSM-III diagnoses and sensitivity indices; and (d) on the basis of DSM-III, personality, and sensitivity measures. We hypothesize that (b), (c) and (d) will be more predictive of clinical outcome than (a). We also expect (b) to correlate more closely with the laboratory measures of sensitivity than (a), but expect (b) and (c) to be independent predictors of outcome and to correlate about equally with outcome. And we expect (d) to be the best predictor of outcome, particularly for children receiving methylphenidate.

这项研究将绘制人格的某些维度 （冲动、焦虑倾向和感觉寻求）和实验室 200 种异质性、临床和临床症状的神经系统敏感性测量 学校推荐的注意力缺陷障碍（ADD）科目（结构化 访谈诊断）和 50 个对照。 行为和生理 测量将在增减和信号过程中获得 检测程序。 主要目标是构建决策树 这将增强 DSM-III 对 ADD 受试者的诊断 使其更能预测随访时的临床结果。 我们和其他人过去的研究表明，增强-减少 程序，其中个人对逐渐增加的音调做出反应 强度，将多动ADD儿童与对照组区分开来 预测治疗药物剂量。 我们将尝试复制和 使用信号检测技术扩展这些结果 优于用于研究神经的增强程序 系统敏感性和注意力过程。 俄罗斯调查人员称 以敏感为力量。 这被他们评估为受试者的 检测低强度刺激和/或承受强刺激的能力 刺激。 我们扩展这个定义以包括四个假设的相对 独立维度：对强度低和高的音调的敏感性 对奖励和惩罚的敏感性。 这四项实验室措施将 与人格的维度方面相关，包括 冲动、攻击性、焦虑倾向和寻求感觉。 主题将通过以下几种方式事后分组： (a) 基于 DSM-III 诊断； (b) 基于 DSM-III 和人格属性； (c) 基于 DSM-III 诊断和敏感性指数； (d) 于 DSM-III、人格和敏感性测量的基础。 我们 假设 (b)、(c) 和 (d) 更能预测临床 结果比（a）。 我们还期望 (b) 与 实验室测量的灵敏度高于（a），但预计（b）和（c）是 结果的独立预测因素并与 结果。 我们期望 (d) 是结果的最佳预测因子， 特别是对于接受哌醋甲酯治疗的儿童。