TRAJECTORY SPECIFICATION IN TARGETED LIMB MOVEMENT

目标肢体运动的轨迹规范

• 批准号: 2264609
• 负责人: CLAUDE P GHEZ
• 金额: $ 18.67万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-07-01 至 1996-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2264609
• 关键词: afferent nerve; biomechanics; brain disorder diagnosis; cerebellar disorders; electromyography; human subject; limb movement; nervous system disorder; neural information processing; neuromuscular transmission; physical model; proprioception /kinesthesia; psychomotor function; psychomotor reaction time; psychomotor tracking; sensorimotor system; sensory disorders; sensory feedback; short term memory; stimulus /response; visual feedback; young adult human (21-34)

The proposed studies aim to identify and analyze the sensorimotor transformations by which the central nervous system achieves accurate control of multijoint movements directed at visual targets. They address the specific question of how information about the location and state of the limb and about the target operate to assure the accurate programming and control of movement. Experiments are to be done with normal subjects, with patients affected by severe large-fiber neuropathy and with patients with circumscribed cerebellar lesions. A novel procedure, the timed response paradigm, will be used to analyze the time course and nature of the processes by which the direction and extent of movement are specified. It is hypothesized that a fundamental cause of the inaccuracy of both sensory neuropathy and cerebellar dysmetria is a failure to take state-dependent and dynamic interactions into account in both the programming and control of multijoint movement. This hypothesis is based on preliminary results which indicate that distinctive errors in direction and extent are attributable to simplifications in the kinematic and dynamic transformations by which target location is eventually converted into the muscle commands needed to bring the hand to the target. These systematic programming errors are greatly magnified in patterns deprived of proprioceptive sensation but can be partially corrected by vision of the limb prior to movement. This effect is, however, transitory and its time course will be determined. The proposed studies will also determine the mechanisms of the impairment in interjoint coordination shown in preliminary work to follow the loss of proprioceptive sensation. In its latter phase, the proposed work will characterize the movement errors made by patients with medial and lateral lesions of the cerebellar hemispheres. The role of these structures in short-term learning may allow them to participate in the generation and continual refinement of internal models of the limb.

这些研究旨在识别和分析感觉运动 中枢神经系统通过这些转换实现精确的 多关节运动的控制直接针对视觉目标。 他们 解决有关地点的信息如何具体的问题， 肢体的状态和对目标的操作，以确保准确的 编程和运动控制。 实验是用 正常受试者和严重大纤维神经病患者 以及局限性小脑病变的患者。 一种新型 过程，定时响应范式，将用于分析时间 的方向和程度的过程和性质 运动是具体的。 据推测，一个根本原因， 感觉神经病变和小脑辨距障碍两者的不准确性是 未能考虑到状态依赖和动态相互作用， 多关节运动的编程和控制。 这 假设是基于初步结果，这些结果表明， 方向和范围上的明显错误可归因于 运动学和动力学变换的简化， 目标位置最终被转换成所需的肌肉指令 将手指向目标。 这些系统性的编程错误 在被剥夺本体感觉的模式中被极大地放大 但是可以在运动之前通过肢体的视觉部分地矫正。 然而，这种影响是短暂的，其时间进程将是 测定 拟议的研究还将确定 初步工作显示， 随着本体感觉的丧失 在后一阶段， 拟议的工作将描述患者的运动错误 小脑半球的内侧和外侧损伤 的作用 短期学习中的这些结构可能会让他们参与其中 在生成和不断完善的内部模型的 四肢