CEREBELLAR CONTROL OF MULTIJOINT LIMB MOVEMENT

小脑控制多关节肢体运动

• 批准号: 2269321
• 负责人: CLAUDE P GHEZ
• 金额: $ 23.54万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-01-01 至 1996-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2269321
• 关键词: brain mapping; cats; cerebellum; electromyography; limb movement; muscimol; neural information processing; neural inhibition; red nucleus; somesthesis; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The experiments are designed to first, characterize the contributions of the interposed and dentate nuclei of the cerebellum in the kinematic and dynamic control of reaching. Cats are trained to perform a multijoint task, reaching into a small tube held at varying heights in order to obtain food. This is a rapid, well-characterized movement performed with a high degree of accuracy in an intact cat. In the proposed studies, measures of limb trajectory, electromyographic activity, and joint torques will be made during specific inactivation of the interposed or dentate nuclei in cats as reaching movements are made. Inactivation will be produced with microinjections of the GABA agonist muscimol. The prediction is that inactivation of the nuclei will result in inaccuracies that are the consequence of specific errors in trajectory. The experiments will test the hypothesis that these errors can be attributed to a failure to compensate for interaction torques that develop because multiple limb segments are used to produce the movement. The specific contributions of the interpositus and dentate to adaptive control of limb trajectories will be investigated using a series of five variations of the basic reaching task to challenge the animal's capacity to use either somesthetic or visual information to trigger corrective responses during a movement or to plan subsequent movements. Two tasks, the load and obstacle tasks, depend primarily on the use of somesthetic information. On anatomical and physiological grounds, performance of these tasks should be impaired by inactivation of the interpositus. The dorsal accessory olive projection to the nucleus interpositus and intermediate cerebellum is driven primarily by proprioceptive stimuli. The lateral cerebellum and dentate, however, receive a non-somatotopic olivary input and a major visual input through the pontine nuclei. Thus, the prediction is that tasks that involve non-homotopic information (i.e., the barrier, moving target, and timing tasks) will be impaired by dentate inactivation. In the second series of experiments, the contributions of the parvicellular and magnocellular divisions of the red nucleus to multijoint trajectory control and adaptation will be examined using the same behavioral paradigms. It is hypothesized that part of the behavioral effect of inactivation of the nucleus interpositus will be mediated by the magnocellular red nucleus and the rubrospinal system, since the major input to the magnocellular red nucleus is the interpositus. The effects of parvicellular red nucleus inactivation are expected to be more complex. This nucleus receives dense projections from both the dentate nucleus and the motor cortex and is part of a complex precerebellar circuit and may exert its effects through multiple descending pathways.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：实验是 旨在首先描述插入的贡献和 小脑齿状核在运动学和动力学控制中的作用 达到。 猫被训练执行多关节任务， 为了获取食物而保持在不同高度的小管。 这是 一种快速、特征鲜明的动作，需要高度的 完整猫的准确性。 在拟议的研究中，肢体的测量 轨迹、肌电活动和关节扭矩将被制作 在猫的插入核或齿状核的特异性失活过程中 当进行伸手动作时。 失活将产生 GABA 激动剂蝇蕈醇的显微注射。 预测细胞核失活将导致 由于轨迹中的特定错误而导致的不准确性。 实验将检验以下假设：这些错误可能是 归因于未能补偿相互作用扭矩 之所以发展，是因为使用多个肢体节段来产生运动。 间肌和齿状肌对适应性的具体贡献 将使用一系列五个来研究肢体轨迹的控制 挑战动物能力的基本伸展任务的变化 使用一些视觉或视觉信息来触发纠正 运动期间的反应或计划后续运动。 两个任务， 负载和障碍任务，主要取决于一些感觉的使用 信息。 在解剖学和生理学的基础上，性能 这些任务应该因间肌失活而受到损害。这 背侧副橄榄投射至间核和 中间小脑主要由本体感觉刺激驱动。 然而，外侧小脑和齿状体接受非体位 橄榄输入和通过脑桥核的主要视觉输入。 因此， 预测是涉及非同伦信息的任务 （即障碍物、移动目标和定时任务）将受到以下因素的影响 齿状失活。 在第二系列实验中， 红核的小细胞和大细胞分裂 将使用以下方法检查多关节轨迹控制和自适应 相同的行为范式。据推测，部分行为 间核失活的影响将由以下因素介导 大细胞红核和红核脊髓系统，因为主要 输入到大细胞红核的是间质。 效果 小细胞红核失活预计会更多 复杂的。该核接收来自齿状核的密集投射 核和运动皮层，是复杂的小脑前叶的一部分 环路并可能通过多种下行途径发挥其作用。