RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN AGING AND MORTALITY

衰老与死亡率之间的关系

• 批准号: 2048306
• 负责人: SHIRO HORIUCHI
• 金额: $ 8.37万
• 依托单位: ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-07-01 至 1998-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2048306
• 关键词: age difference; aging; disease /disorder proneness /risk; gender difference; human data; human mortality; mathematical model; racial /ethnic difference

What are relationships among aging, disease and mortality? The investigation of this fundamental question is not limited to experimental and clinical studies but could be extended to demographic and epidemiologic research because age patterns of mortality, disability and mortality are expected to reflect underlying processes of senescence and disease development. The main tool for such analyses has been the plot of the death rate (disability rate, prevalence rate, or incidence rate) against age on the regular, semi-log or log-log graph sheets. Results by this "crude" procedure tend to suggest that age patterns of mortality are relatively stable and fitted well to such simple mathematical forms as the Gompertz, Makeham, and Weibull equations. New methodologies are being developed that reflect age and cohort variations in mortality more sensitively than the conventional approach. Preliminary results using the new approach indicate that there are significant differences in age patterns of mortality among major causes of death, over time, between sexes, and among countries. These variations in age-related mortality increase suggest complicated interactions between aging processes and pathological, physiological, genetic, and life-style factors. Further investigation, however, requires strong background in biomedical sciences and applied mathematics as well as substantial experience in quantitative demography. The purpose of this career development program is for the grant recipient (Shiro Horiuchi) to acquire more skills and knowledge in biomedical sciences and applied mathematics and to conduct the proposed study on aging and mortality. Major research issues include: age patterns of mortality for various causes of death; sex differentials, trends and international differences in the speed and acceleration of age-related mortality increase; statistical relationships of these age-variations, trends and differentials with those of risk factors; and biomedical mechanisms underling those patterns, trends, differentials and correlations. These problems will be investigated by (a) analyzing internationally compiled aggregate-level vital and health statistics, (b) analyzing individual-level data from health surveys, (c) linking observed LAR patterns and variations with biomedical theories on aging and disease, and (d) developing mathematical models of relationships among aging, morbidity and mortality based on results of (a), (b) and (c).

衰老、疾病和死亡率之间有什么关系？这个 对这一根本问题的调查不仅限于 实验和临床研究，但可以扩展到人口统计学 和流行病学研究，因为死亡率的年龄模式， 预计残疾和死亡率将反映潜在的过程。 衰老和疾病发展的关系。这类分析的主要工具 一直是死亡率(伤残率、患病率、 或发病率)对正常、半对数或对数对数 图表。这一“原始”程序的结果倾向于表明 死亡率的年龄模式是相对稳定的，并与 简单的数学形式，如Gompertz、Makeham和魏布尔 方程式。 正在开发反映年龄和队列的新方法 死亡率的变化比常规方法更敏感 接近。使用新方法的初步结果表明， 不同年龄组之间的死亡率有显著差异。 随着时间的推移，性别之间和国家之间的主要死亡原因。 这些与年龄相关的死亡率增加的变化表明 衰老过程与病理、生理、 遗传和生活方式的因素。然而，进一步的调查， 需要在生物医学科学和应用方面有很强的背景 数学以及在定量方面的丰富经验 人口学。 这个职业发展计划的目的是为了获得助学金。 获奖者(Shiro Horiuchi)获得更多技能和知识 生物医学科学和应用数学，并进行建议的 关于衰老和死亡率的研究。主要研究课题包括：年龄 各种死因的死亡模式；性别差异， 在速度和加速方面的趋势和国际差异 与年龄相关的死亡率增加；这些因素的统计关系 年龄变化、趋势和与危险因素的差异； 以及支撑这些模式和趋势的生物医学机制， 差异和相关性。这些问题将被调查 通过以下方式：(A)分析国际汇编的重要和 健康统计，(B)分析来自健康的个人数据 调查，(C)将观察到的LAR模式和变化与 关于衰老和疾病的生物医学理论，以及(D)发展 老龄化、发病率和死亡率之间关系的数学模型 根据(A)、(B)和(C)的结果计算的死亡率。