CNS DEFICITS--INTERACTION OF AGE AND ALCOHOLISM

中枢神经系统缺陷——年龄和酗酒的相互作用

• 批准号: 2516794
• 负责人: Adolf Pfefferbaum
• 金额: $ 56.61万
• 依托单位: SRI INTERNATIONAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-05-01 至 2001-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2516794
• 关键词: aging; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; auditory stimulus; brain disorders; brain electrical activity; clinical research; drug withdrawal; evoked potentials; female; functional magnetic resonance imaging; gender difference; human subject; interhemispheric transfer; longitudinal human study; magnetic resonance imaging; male; memory; neuropsychology; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION: We propose to continue using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neuropsychological (NP), and event-related potential (ERP) testing to extend and refine our findings of CNS deficits associated with chronic alcoholism and aging. Our MRI studies of alcoholic man reveal volume loss in cortical gray and white matter, corpus callosum, hippocampus, and mammillary bodies and enlargement of cortical sulci and lateral and third ventricles. Older alcoholic men have gray matter volume deficits particularly striking in the prefrontal cortex. Electrophysiologically, the latency of P300, a physiological index of cognitive speed, is prolonged in alcoholic men with an exaggerated prolongation in older alcoholics; further, P300 latency and indices of tissue loss are significantly associated in alcoholics. Neuropsychologically, alcoholic men show deficits in executive abilities, short-term memory, fluency, and visuospatial abilities and especially severe deficits in balance. Our longitudinal studies demonstrate recovery of gray matter volume with abstinence and further reduction of white matter volume with continued drinking. For this competitive renewal, we propose the following studies: Study 1: fMRI experiments of localized brain activation during performance of auditory and visual working memory tasks. This study is designed to determine whether alcoholics show a pattern of cortical activation during working memory that is different from that observed in controls, and whether underlying structural deficits influence the pattern of fMRI activation. Study 2: Visual ERP and NP experiments of interhemispheric transfer time designed to assess the functional significance of corpus callosal thinning. Study 3: Continuation of our ongoing longitudinal study of alcoholic and control women. This study is designed to identify cross-sectional patterns of sparing and loss, their interaction with age and their comparability to findings in alcoholic men. Cross-sectional findings will be examined longitudinally to determine their interaction with alcohol consumption and the normal course of aging and to assess the extent to which deficits normalize with sobriety or are exacerbated with continued drinking. Study 4: A new longitudinal study in a new sample of older alcoholic men and women and their controls in order to extend, with refined anatomical and new functional measures, earlier findings.

描述：我们建议继续使用磁共振成像 (MRI)、神经心理学 (NP) 和事件相关电位 (ERP) 测试 扩展和完善我们对慢性病相关中枢神经系统缺陷的发现 酗酒和衰老。 我们对酗酒者的 MRI 研究揭示了体积 皮质灰质和白质、胼胝体、海马体和 乳头体和皮质沟扩大以及外侧和第三 心室。 老年酗酒男性灰质体积不足 在前额皮质中尤其引人注目。 从电生理学角度来看，P300 的潜伏期是 酗酒男性的认知速度会延长 老年酗酒者的延长时间；此外，P300 延迟和指数 组织损失与酗酒者显着相关。 从神经心理学角度来看，酗酒的男性表现出执行能力的缺陷， 短期记忆、流畅性和视觉空间能力，尤其是 严重的平衡赤字。 我们的纵向研究表明康复 节制灰质体积并进一步减少白质 继续饮酒会影响体积。 对于这种竞争性更新，我们提出以下研究： 研究 1： 表演期间局部大脑激活的功能磁共振成像实验 听觉和视觉工作记忆任务。 这项研究旨在 确定酗酒者在酗酒期间是否表现出皮质激活模式 工作记忆与对照中观察到的不同，并且 潜在的结构缺陷是否影响功能磁共振成像的模式 激活。 研究2：半球间视觉ERP和NP实验 旨在评估语料库功能意义的传输时间 胼胝体变薄。 研究 3：我们正在进行的纵向研究的延续 对酗酒和控制女性的研究。 这项研究旨在确定 保留和损失的横截面模式，它们与年龄的相互作用 以及它们与酗酒男性的研究结果的可比性。 横截面 研究结果将被纵向检查以确定它们的相互作用 与饮酒和正常的衰老过程有关，并评估 缺陷在清醒时正常化或在清醒时加剧的程度 继续喝酒。 研究 4：在新样本中进行的一项新的纵向研究 老年酗酒男女及其控制措施，以延长 完善的解剖学和新的功能测量，早期的发现。