NOVEL MOLECULAR COMPOSITE DENTAL MATERIALS

新型分子复合牙科材料

• 批准号: 2391211
• 负责人: Yen Wei
• 金额: $ 14.83万
• 依托单位: DREXEL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-06-01 至 2000-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2391211
• 关键词: biomaterial development /preparation; biomaterial evaluation; calorimetry; chemical condensation; chemical kinetics; chemical stability; chemical structure function; chemical synthesis; composite resins; dental material wear; dental materials; hardness; hydrolysis; molecular weight; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; photochemistry; polyacrylate; polymerization; polymers; polymethacrylate; silicon; thermodynamics; thermogravimetry; titanium

The field of dental materials has benefitted greatly from basic research in inorganic, organic and polymer chemistry. Three major classes of dental materials have been developed and used in dental practice: (l) inorganic/ceramic materials (e.g. amalgams and silicate cements), (2) organic polymers (e.g. polyacrylate resins) and (3) polymer composite materials in which inorganic fillers are mixed with a polymer at a macroscopic level. All of these materials, though succeeded in some extent under constant modifications, have many inherent deficiencies in their dental applications. We have been interested in making a radical change of this situation by creating a novel class of dental materials. Funded by NIH (Grant No. ROl-DE09848) in the last 3 years, we have successfully synthesized such a class of dental materials, which covalently and uniformly incorporates organic polymers into inorganic matrices at the molecular level via the newly emerged sol-gel technology. These molecular composite materials demonstrated tailored combinations of the hardness of inorganic glasses and the toughness of organic polymers. There is no macroscopic phase separation in these materials so that the interface problems as exist in the conventional dental composites are eliminated. More excitingly, we discovered that the formation of these new materials can be achieved photochemically. This discovery is particularly important to the field of dental materials because one of the most common dental clinical practices is to cure the dental resins under ultraviolet radiation. In this proposal, we design a series of new in-depth studies to develop a fundamental understanding of the chemical/photochemical process that lead to the formation of these novel materials and to improve the synthesis and properties. Specifically, kinetic studies will be conducted on the photo-/nonphoto-catalyzed sol-gel reactions of the functionalized poly(methyl methacrylates) with the inorganic precursors silicon and/or titanium tetraalkoxides. The basic knowledge gained will be applied to design better synthetic strategies to solve the most challenging problems in the sol-gel reactions, i.e. volume shrinkage, cracking, and long curing time, all of which are highly undesirable in dental practice. The new synthesis will allow us to control and tailor the physical/chemical properties of this new class of materials even better for the dental applications. Moreover, the materials will be thoroughly characterized and tested. Their properties, such as hardness. toughness, adhesion to tooth structure, resistance to wear and abrasion, stability etc. will be directly compared with the existing dental composite materials. The success of this research will lay the foundation for future clinical application of this new class of materials.

牙科材料领域基础研究受益匪浅 无机、有机和高分子化学。三大类 牙科材料已开发并用于牙科实践：(l) 无机/陶瓷材料（例如汞齐和硅酸盐水泥），(2) 有机聚合物（例如聚丙烯酸酯树脂）和（3）聚合物复合材料 无机填料与聚合物在一定条件下混合而成的材料 宏观层面。所有这些材料虽然在某些方面取得了成功 在不断修改的情况下，存在许多固有的缺陷 他们的牙科应用。 我们一直有兴趣通过以下方式彻底改变这种情况 创造一类新型牙科材料。由 NIH 资助（批准号： ROl-DE09848）在过去的3年里，我们已经成功合成了这样的 一类牙科材料，它共价且均匀地结合 有机聚合物在分子水平上转化为无机基质 新出现的溶胶-凝胶技术。这些分子复合材料 展示了无机玻璃硬度的定制组合 以及有机聚合物的韧性。不存在宏观相 这些材料中的分离使得界面问题存在 传统牙科复合材料中的缺陷被消除。更令人兴奋的是， 我们发现这些新材料的形成可以实现 光化学地。这一发现对于该领域尤为重要 牙科材料，因为最常见的牙科临床之一 做法是在紫外线照射下使牙科树脂固化。 在这个提案中，我们设计了一系列新的深入研究来开发 对化学/光化学过程的基本了解 导致这些新型材料的形成并改善 合成和性质。具体来说，动力学研究将 光催化/非光催化溶胶-凝胶反应 与无机前体的官能化聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯） 硅和/或钛的四醇盐。所获得的基础知识将 用于设计更好的合成策略来解决最 溶胶-凝胶反应中的挑战性问题，即体积收缩， 开裂和固化时间长，所有这些都是非常不希望出现的 牙科诊所。新的合成将使我们能够控制和定制 这种新型材料的物理/化学特性甚至 更适合牙科应用。此外，材料将 彻底表征和测试。它们的特性，例如硬度。 韧性、对牙齿结构的附着力、耐磨损性、 稳定性等将直接与现有的牙科进行比较 复合材料。这项研究的成功将奠定 为此类新型药物未来的临床应用奠定了基础 材料。