Novel Molecular Composite Dental Materials

新型分子复合牙科材料

• 批准号: 6544450
• 负责人: Yen Wei
• 金额: $ 26.28万
• 依托单位: DREXEL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6544450
• 关键词: biomaterial development /preparation; biomaterial evaluation; chemical condensation; chemical kinetics; chemical stability; chemical structure function; chemical synthesis; dental material wear; dental materials; hardness; photochemistry; polyacrylate; polymerization; polymethacrylate; silicon; surface property

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This research aims at making a novel class of dental materials that is radically different from all existing dental materials. Funded by NIH (R01-DE09848), such materials, which covalently and uniformly incorporate polymers into inorganic matrices at the molecular or nanometer scales, have been successfully synthesized via the sol-gel reactions. Curable thermally or photochemically, these molecular composite/hybrid materials exhibit tailored combinations of the hardness of inorganic glasses and the toughness of organic polymers. There is no macroscopic phase-separation in these materials so that the interface problems as exist in conventional dental composites are eliminated. In this proposal, basic studies are proposed for 3 key issues in the sol-gel chemistry of hybrid materials with low shrinkage, with base-catalyzed nanoparticle formation, and with nanophase generation in nonsurfactant-templated sol-gel process. Aided by the first two studies, several improved or radically new strategies are designed to achieve the goals of further reducing or eliminating the volume shrinkage and of shortening the reaction time for practical dental applications. Two independent major approaches, through methacrylate-modified oligomeric silica precursors and methacrylate-modified silica nanoparticles (less than 100 nm), are proposed for preparing simple, one pack, ready to use, photocurable, paste products. These products can be light-cured to afford novel polyacrylate-silica hybrid dental materials in seconds with lower or zero volume shrinkage. Depth of cure will be improved because the silica domain size is smaller than the wavelengths of UV or visible light. With the studies of the nonsurfactant-templated process, nanoporous chemical hybrid fillers for dental resins and the use of polymerizable templates are designed to yield nanostructured dental materials. In all new materials the polymer and silica components are uniformly dispersed and covalently bonded with each other at the molecular or nanometer scales. Hence, the mechanical properties, particularly the wear resistance and the surface smoothness of the materials should be superior over conventional dental composites. Elimination of the interface should also reduce or prevent water-sorption and microleakage. Success of this research will lead to new science and technologies of hybrid and nanostructured materials for practical dental applications.

描述(由申请人提供)：这项研究的目的是制造一种与所有现有牙科材料完全不同的新型牙科材料。在美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)(R01-DE09848)的资助下，通过溶胶-凝胶反应成功地合成了在分子或纳米尺度上将聚合物共价均匀地嵌入到无机基质中的此类材料。这些分子复合材料/杂化材料可通过热或光化学方式固化，展示了无机玻璃的硬度和有机聚合物的韧性的量身定制的组合。在这些材料中没有宏观的相分离，从而消除了传统牙科复合材料中存在的界面问题。在这一方案中，针对低收缩杂化材料、碱催化纳米粒子形成和非表面活性剂模板化溶胶-凝胶过程中纳米相生成的3个关键问题进行了基础研究。在前两项研究的帮助下，设计了几种改进的或全新的策略，以实现进一步减少或消除体积收缩和缩短实际牙科应用的反应时间的目标。通过甲基丙烯酸酯改性的低聚二氧化硅前驱体和甲基丙烯酸酯改性的二氧化硅纳米颗粒(小于100 nm)，提出了两种独立的主要方法来制备简单、一包、即用、光固化的糊状产品。这些产品可以光固化，在几秒钟内提供新型聚丙烯酸酯-二氧化硅杂化牙科材料，体积收缩更低或为零。由于二氧化硅微区的尺寸小于紫外光或可见光的波长，固化深度将得到改善。通过对非表面活性剂模板化工艺的研究，设计了用于牙科树脂的纳米孔化学杂化填料和使用可聚合模板来制备纳米牙科材料。在所有新材料中，聚合物和二氧化硅组分在分子或纳米尺度上均匀分散并相互共价键合。因此，材料的力学性能，特别是耐磨性和表面光滑度，应优于传统的牙科复合材料。消除界面还应减少或防止吸水和微渗漏。这项研究的成功将带来用于实际牙科应用的混合和纳米结构材料的新科学和技术。