LIGHT SCATTERING IN TUMOR AND NORMAL TISSUE MODELS

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)：光学技术 现在正在开发不切除组织的组织诊断，该诊断 提供与标准技术相比的显著优势，例如纸巾 活组织检查，在病人护理和医疗费用方面都是如此。例如, 光学技术更快，不需要镇静剂，而且并发症 与组织切除相关的疾病，如感染已被消除。宽阔的 已经研究了一系列用于组织诊断的技术，包括 拉曼光谱、荧光光谱和弹性散射光谱。的潜力 弹性散射和荧光光谱已在 活体临床试验。90分以上的敏感度和特异度 据报道，某些类型的膀胱癌和膀胱癌 基于经验确定的指标的食道。这项工作将重点放在 近紫外线(NUV)中的连续波弹性散射光谱， 可见光和近红外(NIR)。这项技术的优点是 实现简单且成本低廉，并且对形态和 和组织的结构特征。弹性光传输能力 在内窥镜兼容的几何形状中进行的测量，以检测 我们将研究细胞的平均显微特征。一个详细的 将对体外组织的光散射特性进行研究 保留细胞生化和形态特征的模型 在组织中，但缺乏组织的附加复杂因子 结构和血管结构。最初的实验将集中在 关于恶性和非恶性细胞的散射和吸收特性 停职。随后，将执行弹性散射测量 使用更真实的具有可控异质性的组织模型，例如 多细胞球体。试验性工作将与 光传输的蒙特卡罗模拟。这些模拟将用于 要预测如何测量媒体的特定特征，例如 散射角的概率分布，散射体密度， 而非均质性决定了弹性散射信号。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Applicant's Abstract): Optical techniques for tissue diagnosis without removal of tissue are now being developed which offer significant advantages over standard techniques, such as tissue biopsy, both in terms of patient care and medical costs. For example, optical techniques are faster, sedatives are not needed, and complications associated with tissue removal such as infection are eliminated. A wide range of techniques has been investigated for tissue diagnosis including Raman, fluorescence, and elastic-scatter spectroscopy. The potential of elastic-scatter and fluorescence spectroscopy has been demonstrated in clinical trials in vivo. Sensitivities and specificities in the upper 90th percentile have been reported for some forms of cancer in the bladder and esophagus based on empirically determined metrics. This work will focus on continuous-wave elastic-scatter spectroscopy in the near-ultraviolet (NUV), visible, and near-infrared (NIR). This technique has the advantage of being simple and inexpensive to implement and is sensitive to both morphological and structural features of tissue. The ability of elastic-light transport measurements, made in endoscopically compatible geometries, to detect average microscopic features of cells will be investigated. A detailed study will be performed of light scattering properties of in vitro tissue models which retain biochemical and morphological characteristics of cells in tissues, but lack the additional complicating factors of tissue structure, and vascular architecture. Initial experiments will concentrate on scattering and absorption properties of malignant and nonmalignant cell suspensions. Subsequently, elastic-scatter measurements will be performed using more realistic tissue models that have controllable heterogeneity such as multicellular spheroids. The experimental work will be integrated with Monte Carlo simulations of light transport. These simulations will be used to predict how specific characteristics of the media being measured, such as the probability distribution of scattering angles, density of scatterers, and heterogeneities determine the elastic-scatter signal.