METHAMPHETAMINE DEPENDENCE AND THE RISK OF HIV INFECTION

描述：（申请人摘要） 甲基苯丙胺（MA）依赖在美国迅速扩大， 重现了20世纪50年代和60年代流行病传播的早期阶段。 除了与成瘾直接相关的发病率和死亡率之外， 疾病，MA是特别关注鉴于艾滋病毒的流行，因为它 通常是静脉注射的，通常会增加性欲 这 性和注射毒品使用（IDU）风险因素的汇合导致了 使用MA的人群中HIV血清阳性率较高。 尽管MA依赖性迅速增加，但其自然的 历史以及性行为和IDU行为对 艾滋病毒传播的风险。 在对MA依赖性的纵向研究中，我们将 使用一套全面的评估来确定高风险的预测因素， 危险行为;各种性和IDU因素的相对贡献 艾滋病毒血清阳性率;艾滋病毒血清转化率; 药物治疗后的行为和MA使用;以及患病率和 精神共病的稳定性。 受试者将从 在旧金山海特阿什伯里戒毒所， 弗朗西斯科，来自主要是异性恋的门诊人群， 萨克拉门托和旧金山弗朗西斯科治疗外MA使用者的努力 和萨克拉门托。

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) Methamphetamine (MA) dependence is expanding rapidly in the United States, recapitulating early phases of epidemic spread in the 1950's and 1960's. Beyond the morbidity and mortality directly associated with addictive disease, MA is of particular concern in light of the HIV epidemic because it is often administered intravenously and it often increases libido. This confluence of sexual and injection drug use (IDU) risk factors has led to high HIV seroprevalence in MA using populations. Despite the rapid increase in MA dependence, little is known of its natural history and the relative contributions of sexual and IDU behaviors to the risk of HIV transmission. In a longitudinal study of MA dependence, we will use a comprehensive battery of assessments to identify predictors of high risk behaviors; the relative contributions of various sexual and IDU factors to HIV seropositivity; rates of HIV seroconversion; changes in risk behaviors and MA use following drug treatment; and the prevalence and stability of psychiatric comorbidity. Subjects will be recruited from the largely homosexual outpatient population at Haight Ashbury Detox in San Francisco, from predominately heterosexual outpatient population at The Effort in Sacramento, and from out-of-treatment MA users in San Francisco and Sacramento.