NEW TRAINING INTERVENTION TO PREVENT BACK INJURIES

预防背部受伤的新训练干预措施

• 批准号: 2860995
• 负责人: Steven A Lavender
• 金额: $ 22.4万
• 依托单位: RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-30 至 2001-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2860995
• 关键词: back injury; biofeedback; biomechanics; clinical research; health education; human subject; occupational hazard; occupational health /safety; repetitive motion injury; spine; training

DESCRIPTION: When it is not feasible to remove strenuous lifting tasks by re-engineering, training in lifting techniques is relied upon heavily to help prevent occupationally related back injuries. Laboratory studies have shown that variations in lifting technique can have a large impact on the spinal loads experienced during manual material handling tasks. Thus, the use of good lifting techniques should reduce the risk of back injury. However, there is limited evidence that back injury prevention programs which rely on education and training in "safe" lifting techniques are successful at preventing injuries. The failure of previous training interventions is mostly likely due to: (1) the failure of the education and training to actually change the lifting behavior used by employees, and (2) the lack of an adequate system to reinforce the modified behavior. The purpose of this proposal is to demonstrate the effectiveness of an aggressive new intervention for training and maintaining lifting techniques. The proposed project will use a new tool, The LiftTrainerTM, developed by Innovative Sports Training. The tool, using a 3-dimensional motion tracking system, computes the instantaneous three-dimensional dynamic spine moments and provides an audible biofeedback signal proportional to the magnitude of the stress. The emphasis here is on combining biomechanical analysis and concepts from learning theory in a protocol focused on changing lifting behavior and quantifying the extent to which behavior is modified. Workers performing simulated job tasks are coached in one-on-one training sessions of 30 minute duration in how to minimize their spine moments while maintaining an acceptable task performance speed. Moment data gathered at the beginning and end of a session are used to quantify improvement within a session and retention between sessions. Behavior is maintained through the incorporation of reinforcement techniques borrowed from behavioral based safety programs and repeated training. The aims of this project are: (1) to validate that lifting behaviors and the resulting spine moments can be modified in workers who perform repetitive material handling jobs (warehousing and distribution) as suggested by our pilot study, and (2) to determine the extent to which injury rates can be controlled through an aggressive training approach. In this study over 2,400 employees from multiple facilities will be randomly assigned to receive with the LiftTrainer to view a back education video. The LiftTrainer protocol requires that each assigned employee participate in two sessions initially. Based on performance and retention levels after two sessions, employees needing additional training will be identified and retrained. All employees in the LiftTrainer group will receive an additional three training sessions scheduled on a quarterly basis. These employees will be assigned to self-reinforcing teams established within each facility. The primary dependent measures include: quarterly injury rates, turnover rates, absenteeism, and lost time rates for each study group. In addition, within and between session changes in spine moments obtained for the LiftTrainer group will be tracked to determine how much change can be anticipated in the spine moments through training and the degree to which the changes are retained over time.

描述：当无法通过以下方法消除繁重的起重任务时 重新设计，在很大程度上依赖于起重技术的培训， 有助于预防职业性背部损伤。 实验室研究 表明提升技术的变化会对 在手动材料处理任务期间经历的脊柱载荷。 因此 使用良好的举重技术应减少背部受伤的风险。 然而，有有限的证据表明，背部损伤预防计划 依靠“安全”提升技术的教育和培训， 成功防止受伤。 以前训练的失败 干预措施很可能是由于：（1）教育的失败， 培训以实际改变员工使用的提升行为，以及（2） 缺乏一个适当的系统来加强修改后的行为。 的 本提案的目的是证明一个 积极的新干预训练和保持举重技术。 拟议的项目将使用一种新的工具，LiftTrainerTM， 创新体育训练。 该工具使用三维运动跟踪 系统，计算瞬时三维动态脊柱力矩 并提供与 压力 这里的重点是结合生物力学分析和 从学习理论的概念，在一个协议，重点是改变提升 行为和量化行为被修改的程度。 工人 在一对一的培训课程中指导执行模拟工作任务 30分钟的持续时间，如何尽量减少他们的脊椎力矩， 保持可接受的任务执行速度。 力矩数据收集于 会话的开始和结束用于量化 会话和会话之间的保留。 行为是通过 结合强化技术借鉴了基于行为的 安全计划和反复训练。 本计画的目的是：（1）验证提升行为与 由此产生的脊柱力矩可以在执行以下操作的工人中进行修改： 重复性材料处理作业（仓储和配送）， 我们的试点研究建议，（2）以确定在何种程度上， 受伤率可以通过积极的训练方法来控制。 在 这项研究将随机抽取来自多个工厂的2,400多名员工， 指定接收LiftTrainer以观看背部教育视频。 LiftTrainer协议要求每个指定的员工参与 最初的两次会议。 基于两个月后的性能和保留级别 在培训期间，将确定需要额外培训的员工， 再培训。 LiftTrainer集团的所有员工都将获得 每季度安排另外三次培训班。 这些 员工将被分配到每个内部建立的自我强化团队， 设施。 主要的依赖措施包括：季度受伤率， 每个研究组的人员流动率、缺勤率和损失时间率。 在 此外，获得的脊柱力矩在会话内和会话之间的变化 将对LiftTrainer组进行跟踪，以确定 在脊柱时刻通过训练和程度， 随着时间的推移保留改变。