DO LIFTING BELTS PROTECT THE BACK DURING SUDDEN LOADING

提升带在突然负重时可以保护背部吗

• 批准号: 2277967
• 负责人: Steven A Lavender
• 金额: $ 3.73万
• 依托单位: RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-09-01 至 1997-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2277967
• 关键词: DO; LIFTING; BELTS; PROTECT; BACK

The biomechanical role lifting belts play in the prevention of low-back injury has been the subject of considerable debate. However, recent studies have shown that lifting belts do restrict the trunk motion in the frontal and transverse planes during passive motion tests and in lifting protocols. It is this through this restriction of trunk motion, or in other words the stiffening of the torso, that lifting belts may provide the greatest benefit. Epidemiological studies have indicated that sudden unexpected loading is frequently related to the onset of low-back disorder (LBD's). These events, whether they consist of a sudden load imposed upon the body, or a rapid trunk motion during a slip, create large internal loadings on the spine and it's supporting structures as the muscles attempt to null the perturbation previous research has shown that when these events can be anticipated the trunk is prepared, primarily through muscular cocontraction, such that the postural disturbance and the muscle forces loading the spine are significantly reduced. More often, however, these perturbations are unanticipated leaving little opportunity for the torso to be prepared. It is hypothesized that the stiffening effects of the lifting belt may protect workers from the extreme loads encountered during unanticipated loading events. Thus, the objective of the two proposed studies is to determine whether lifting belts protect individuals exposed to sudden loading of the torso. Twenty subjects will be recruited to serve in each of the proposed experiments. Both studies will investigate the effect of the lifting belt combined with the expectancy of loading (whether or not the subject is blindfolded), and whether the load is asymmetric with regard to the body's mid-sagittal plane. Ten trunk muscles will be sampled with surface electromyography during perturbations in which a weight, of a magnitude equivalent to 10 percent of a subject's trunk extension strength, is allowed to fall one meter prior to loading the torso. In the first study the torso will be loaded directly in that the falling weight will be attached via cables and pulleys to a chest harness worn by the subject. In this study the subjects will also be strapped into a pelvic restraint system, thereby, removing the variation due to the response of the extremities and allowing a direct evaluation belt's effect on the trunk musculature. Trunk motions will be measured by an electro-goniometer. In the second study free-standing subjects will be loaded by holding a container into which a weight is dropped. This experiment will allow an evaluation of the interplay between the trunk and the lower extremities during sudden loading and it's sensitivity to the lifting belt. Kinetic and kinematic data will be obtained using a two forceplate four camera opto-electronic motion analysis system. These data will be used in an inverse dynamic biomechanical model to determine the change in the net moments at the ankle, knee, hip, and L5/S1 level due to the lifting belt.

吊装带在预防腰背方面发挥的生物力学作用 伤害一直是人们争论的焦点。然而，最近 研究表明，提升带确实限制了躯干的运动 被动运动测试和举升过程中的正面和横向平面 协议。正是通过躯干运动的限制，或者在 换句话说，吊装带可以使躯干变硬 最大的好处。流行病学研究表明，突然 意外负荷通常与腰背疾病的发生有关 （小黑裙）。这些事件，无论它们是否包括突然施加的负载 身体或滑倒时躯干的快速运动会产生较大的内部 脊柱及其支撑结构（如肌肉）上的负载 尝试消除扰动 先前的研究表明，当 这些事件可以预见到主干是准备好的，主要是通过 肌肉协同收缩，从而导致姿势障碍和肌肉收缩 脊柱承受的力量显着减少。然而更多时候， 这些扰动是意料之外的，几乎没有给 躯干要做好准备。据推测，硬化效应 提升带可以保护工人免受极端负载的影响 在意外的加载事件期间。于是，两人的目标 拟议的研究是为了确定吊装带是否可以保护个人 躯干承受突然的负荷。将招募二十名受试者 服务于每个提议的实验。这两项研究都将 结合预期研究吊装带的效果 负载（受试者是否被蒙住眼睛），以及负载是否 相对于身体的中矢状面不对称。十个行李箱 在扰动期间将通过表面肌电图对肌肉进行采样 其中重量的大小相当于受试者体重的 10% 树干延伸强度，装载前允许跌落一米 躯干。在第一项研究中，躯干将直接加载在其中 下落的重物将通过电缆和滑轮连接到胸部 对象佩戴的安全带。在这项研究中，受试者还将 绑在骨盆约束系统中，从而消除变化 由于四肢的反应并允许直接评估 腰带对躯干肌肉组织的影响。躯干运动将通过以下方式测量 电子测角仪。在第二项研究中，独立的受试者将是 通过握住容器并在其中放入重物来装载。这 实验将允许评估树干和树干之间的相互作用 突然加载时的下肢及其对 提升带。动力学和运动学数据将使用两个获得 测力台四摄像头光电运动分析系统。这些数据 将用于逆动态生物力学模型以确定 由于以下原因，踝关节、膝关节、髋关节和 L5/S1 水平处的净力矩发生变化： 吊装带。