ANGER ESCALATION AND DEESCALATION IN AGGRESSIVE MEN

攻击性男性的愤怒升级和降级

• 批准号: 2873086
• 负责人: Richard Eliot Heyman
• 金额: $ 15.58万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-04-01 至 2001-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2873086
• 关键词: aggression; angers; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; family structure /dynamics; human subject; interpersonal relations; locus of control; male; spouses

The purpose of this project is to propose and test a model of anger escalation and de-escalation in couples with and without husband-to-wife aggression. This model integrates social learning, feminist, and systems theories. The following processes are hypothesized to maintain aggression. Relationships occur in the context of both blatant and subtle sexism. Even if the majority of aggressive men do not approve of aggression, they may still be sensitive to themes of disrespect by their wives. Due to skill deficits, aggressive couples will have a harder time navigating gender-based goal incongruence adaptively, leading to increased frequency of reciprocated hostility. As these negative reciprocity cycles occur more frequently, and are negatively reinforced, they become highly predictable and scripted. Appraisals and behaviors become overlearned, so that it only requires a subtle cue to set off a flood of anger. De-escalation deficiencies then make it difficult to stop the rush of anger once it starts. Spouses beliefs that they can resolve conflict become eroded, leading them to avoid these hot issues. Inevitably, these conflicts reoccur, leaving the couple even less prepared to effectively deal with such issues. With each repetition, the behaviors become more overlearned, coercion is more strongly reinforced, and global perceptions of the partner becomes increasingly negative. This process sets up the couple for husband-to- wife aggression, but typically produced only verbal aggression with the potential for further escalation. This model will be tested by comparing the escalation and de-escalation processes and skills of three groups of couples (n=50 per group): non- distressed/non-aggressive, distressed/non-aggressive, and distressed/aggressive. Participants will be recruited through random digit telephone surveying to increase the generalizability and ethnic diversity of the sample. Among the major hypotheses to be tested are (1) aggressive men demonstrate higher degrees of overlearning in their anger responses, as evidenced by (a) greater magnitude of anger escalation; (b) greater speed of anger escalation; and (c) predictable appraisal patterns; and (2) aggressive men have de-escalation skill deficits, as evidenced by (a) higher peak levels of anger; (b) extended periods of anger; (c) fewer attempts at de-escalation; and (d) fewer successful attempts at de-escalation. Improved treatment efficacy may be obtained by breaking the overlearned anger habit before attempting more cognitive interventions.

这个项目的目的是提出并测试一个愤怒的模型 有和没有丈夫对妻子的夫妇中的升级和降级 侵略 这种模式融合了社会学习、女权主义和 系统理论。 假设以下过程可以维持 侵略 关系发生在公然和 微妙的性别歧视 即使大多数好斗的男人不赞成 他们可能仍然对不尊重的主题敏感， 他们的妻子由于缺乏技能，好斗的夫妇会有一个 更难适应性地导航基于性别的目标不一致， 导致双方敌对的频率增加。 因为这些 负互惠周期发生得更频繁， 强化后，它们变得高度可预测和照本宣科。评估和 行为变得过度学习，所以它只需要一个微妙的提示， 引发了一股愤怒的洪流 降级缺陷则使其 愤怒一旦爆发就很难停止 配偶信仰 他们解决冲突的能力被削弱，导致他们避免 这些热点问题。不可避免地，这些冲突再次发生， 夫妻俩更不愿意有效地处理这些问题。 与 每一次重复，行为变得更加过度学习，强迫更多 强烈强化，对合作伙伴的全球认知成为 越来越消极。 这一过程为夫妻双方提供了一个 妻子的攻击，但通常只产生口头攻击与 进一步升级的可能性。 将通过比较升级和降级来测试该模型 三组夫妇的过程和技能（每组n=50）：非 抑郁/非攻击性，抑郁/非攻击性，以及 沮丧/好斗。 参与者将通过随机 数字电话调查，以增加普遍性和种族 样本的多样性。 待检验的主要假设包括 (1)好斗的男人在他们的学习中表现出更高程度的过度学习。 愤怒反应，表现为（a）更大程度的愤怒 升级;（B）更快的愤怒升级速度;（c）可预测的 评价模式;（2）攻击性男性具有降级技能 缺陷，如（a）更高的愤怒峰值水平;（B）延长 （c）减少冲突降级的尝试;（d）减少 成功的降级尝试。 改善的治疗效果可以 在尝试之前打破过度学习的愤怒习惯， 更多的认知干预