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Carolingian glosses on Martianus Capella

加洛林王朝对马丁努斯·卡佩拉的注释

基本信息

批准号：
AH/G004110/1
负责人：
Sinead O'Sullivan
金额：
$ 3.31万
依托单位：
Queen's University Belfast
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2009 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FG004110%2F1
关键词：
Carolingian glosses Martianus Capella

项目摘要

The work by the fifth-century author Martianus Capella, 'On the Marriage of Philology and Mercury', was a key text for Carolingian scholars. It became the standard work on the seven liberal arts in the early Middle Ages. Its allegorical books (detailing the celestial journey of Philology and her marriage to Mercury) had a profound influence on emergent European culture, inspiring commentators, illuminators and painters throughout the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. The Carolingian period - an important moment in intellectual, cultural and political history - represents a pivotal point in the reception of the text. Though not in a vacuum, it helped establish the enduring reputation of Martianus in the Middle Ages, in particular, through the production of three major commentaries. And whilst considerable scholarly effort has been spent on the later Carolingian commentaries, the earliest still awaits a critical edition. It exists as sets of glosses (marginal and interlinear comments) which form a coherent but fluid body of commentary that was copied along with the text throughout Northern and Northeastern France during the ninth century. These glosses not only demonstrate how Martianus was read by Carolingian scholars, but also help improve our understanding of a text that lies at the origins of modern ideas on education and learning. In addition, the ninth-century reception of Martianus enables investigation into the nature of the Carolingian revival, famous for its broad programmatic efforts to instigate educational reform, as well as its scholarly and intellectual endeavours.The earliest glosses on Martianus demonstrate how the text was understood in the ninth century. Martianus' rich blend of astral religion, classical mythology and pagan tradition in the first two allegorical books had an enormous impact, enabling Carolingian commentators to reflect on visible and invisible reality, the cosmic harmony and the unity of the universe. The earliest glosses also illustrate without doubt that the highly unfavourable opinions of Martianus from the early modern and modern period were not shared by Carolingian scholars. In their commentaries they expressed particular interest in just those features of the text that post-medieval scholars have found least comprehensible: its dense metaphorical imagery, arcane allusions, antique references and Greek vocabulary.More broadly, the glosses on the opaque aspects of the text illustrate the wider importance of obscurity. For the annotators, obscurity as much as perspicuity played a central role. Indeed, the obscurities of the text provided clues to be followed, not just puzzles to be solved once and for all. They concealed hidden truths under an allegorical veil. This essentially Macrobian image, an image well documented for the twelfth century, is central to the Carolingian understanding of Martianus. Crucially, it enabled the glossators to interpret Martianus' myths according to an important hermeneutic device: that is, it allowed them see hidden truth under a pagan surface. The glosses thus provide a specific example of Carolingian appropriation of pagan learning. They also furnish evidence for the transmission of ancient learning. Martianus himself self-consciously reached back into the ancient and late antique world for much of the lore he transmitted and modified in the process. And the glossators, in turn, used Martianus as a bridge to the sources of ancient wisdom. The technology of glossing furnished storehouses of information which enable investigation into a central problem of cultural heritage: exactly how inheritance takes place. Study of the oldest glosses on Martianus provides a case-study toward a better understanding of that problem.

五世纪作家马提亚努斯·卡佩拉 (Martianus Capella) 的著作《论语言学与水星的联姻》是加洛林王朝学者的重要著作。它成为中世纪早期七门文科的标准著作。它的寓言书籍（详细描述了语言学的天国之旅以及她与水星的婚姻）对新兴的欧洲文化产生了深远的影响，启发了整个中世纪和文艺复兴时期的评论家、插画家和画家。加洛林时期——思想、文化和政治史上的一个重要时刻——代表了文本接受的关键点。虽然不是凭空出现的，但它帮助马丁努斯在中世纪建立了持久的声誉，特别是通过三部主要评论的出版。尽管人们在后来的加洛林王朝注释上花费了大量的学术努力，但最早的注释仍然有待批评版本。它以注释集（边注和行间注释）的形式存在，形成了连贯但流畅的注释体，在九世纪期间与文本一起在整个法国北部和东北部被复制。这些注释不仅展示了加洛林王朝学者如何阅读《马蒂安努斯》，而且有助于增进我们对这部作为现代教育和学习思想起源的文本的理解。此外，九世纪对《火星》的接受使人们能够对加洛林复兴运动的本质进行调查，该复兴以其广泛的纲领性努力来煽动教育改革，以及其学术和知识的努力而闻名。对《火星》的最早注释表明了九世纪如何理解该文本。马尔蒂安努斯在前两本寓言书中将星体宗教、古典神话和异教传统丰富地融合在一起，产生了巨大的影响，使加洛林王朝的评论家能够反思可见和不可见的现实、宇宙的和谐与统一。最早的注释也毫无疑问地表明，加洛林王朝的学者并不认同近代早期和现代时期对马尔蒂安努斯的高度不利的观点。在他们的评论中，他们对中世纪后学者认为最难以理解的文本特征特别感兴趣：其密集的隐喻意象、神秘的典故、古代参考资料和希腊词汇。更广泛地说，对文本不透明方面的注释说明了晦涩难懂的更广泛的重要性。对于注释者来说，模糊性和清晰性一样发挥着核心作用。事实上，文本的晦涩难懂提供了可遵循的线索，而不仅仅是需要一劳永逸地解决的谜题。他们用寓言的面纱掩盖了隐藏的真相。这幅本质上是Macrobian 图像，是十二世纪有据可查的图像，是加洛林王朝对火星努斯的理解的核心。至关重要的是，它使注释者能够根据一种重要的解释学手段来解释火星人的神话：也就是说，它使他们能够看到异教表面下隐藏的真相。因此，这些注释提供了加洛林王朝挪用异教知识的具体例子。它们还为古代知识的传播提供了证据。马蒂亚努斯本人自觉地回到了古代和晚期的古代世界，以获取他在此过程中传播和修改的大部分知识。反过来，注释者则利用火星作为通向古代智慧源泉的桥梁。修饰信息仓库的技术使我们能够调查文化遗产的核心问题：传承到底是如何发生的。对火星最古老注释的研究为更好地理解该问题提供了案例研究。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（4）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

The Corpus Martianus Capella: Continental gloss traditions on De nuptiis in Wales and Anglo-Saxon England'

火星体五月二号：威尔士和盎格鲁-撒克逊英格兰关于婚姻的大陆注释传统

DOI：
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies
影响因子：
0.2
作者：
O'Sullivan, S
通讯作者：
O'Sullivan, S

• Carolingian scholarship and Martianus Capella: Ninth-century commentary traditions on Martianus' "De nuptiis" in context

❷ 加洛林王朝的学术和火星人卡佩拉：九世纪对火星人的“De nuptiis”的评论传统

DOI：
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
O'Sullivan, Sinead;Teeuwen, Mariken
通讯作者：
Teeuwen, Mariken

• Glossae aeui Carolini in libros I-II Martiani Capellae "De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii", Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis 237 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2010), v-clxxxi + 472 (648 p.)

Glossae aeui Carolini in libros I-II Martiani Capellae "De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii", Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis 237 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2010), v-clxxxi 472 (648 p.)