CNS DEFICITS--INTERACTION OF AGE AND ALCOHOLISM

中枢神经系统缺陷——年龄和酗酒的相互作用

• 批准号: 2893992
• 负责人: Adolf Pfefferbaum
• 金额: $ 61.23万
• 依托单位: SRI INTERNATIONAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-05-01 至 2001-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2893992
• 关键词: aging; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; auditory stimulus; brain disorders; brain electrical activity; clinical research; drug withdrawal; evoked potentials; female; functional magnetic resonance imaging; gender difference; human subject; interhemispheric transfer; longitudinal human study; magnetic resonance imaging; male; memory; neuropsychology; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION: We propose to continue using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neuropsychological (NP), and event-related potential (ERP) testing to extend and refine our findings of CNS deficits associated with chronic alcoholism and aging. Our MRI studies of alcoholic man reveal volume loss in cortical gray and white matter, corpus callosum, hippocampus, and mammillary bodies and enlargement of cortical sulci and lateral and third ventricles. Older alcoholic men have gray matter volume deficits particularly striking in the prefrontal cortex. Electrophysiologically, the latency of P300, a physiological index of cognitive speed, is prolonged in alcoholic men with an exaggerated prolongation in older alcoholics; further, P300 latency and indices of tissue loss are significantly associated in alcoholics. Neuropsychologically, alcoholic men show deficits in executive abilities, short-term memory, fluency, and visuospatial abilities and especially severe deficits in balance. Our longitudinal studies demonstrate recovery of gray matter volume with abstinence and further reduction of white matter volume with continued drinking. For this competitive renewal, we propose the following studies: Study 1: fMRI experiments of localized brain activation during performance of auditory and visual working memory tasks. This study is designed to determine whether alcoholics show a pattern of cortical activation during working memory that is different from that observed in controls, and whether underlying structural deficits influence the pattern of fMRI activation. Study 2: Visual ERP and NP experiments of interhemispheric transfer time designed to assess the functional significance of corpus callosal thinning. Study 3: Continuation of our ongoing longitudinal study of alcoholic and control women. This study is designed to identify cross-sectional patterns of sparing and loss, their interaction with age and their comparability to findings in alcoholic men. Cross-sectional findings will be examined longitudinally to determine their interaction with alcohol consumption and the normal course of aging and to assess the extent to which deficits normalize with sobriety or are exacerbated with continued drinking. Study 4: A new longitudinal study in a new sample of older alcoholic men and women and their controls in order to extend, with refined anatomical and new functional measures, earlier findings.

描述：我们建议继续使用磁共振成像 (MRI)、神经心理学(NP)和事件相关电位(ERP)测试 扩展和完善我们对慢性中枢神经系统缺陷的发现 酗酒和衰老。我们对酗酒男子的核磁共振研究揭示了 皮质灰质和白质、胼胝体、海马体和 乳头体与皮质沟及侧方和第三侧的增大 脑室。年长的酗酒男性有灰质体积缺陷 尤其是在前额叶皮质。 电生理方面，P300潜伏期是一项重要的生理指标 认知速度，在酗酒的男性中被夸张地延长 老年酗酒者的P300潜伏期和P300指数 组织丢失与酗酒者显著相关。 从神经心理学的角度来看，酗酒的男性表现出执行能力的缺陷， 短期记忆、流利性和视觉空间能力，尤其是 严重的赤字平衡。我们的纵向研究显示经济复苏 灰质体积与戒断和白质的进一步减少 持续饮酒的物质体积。 对于这一竞争更新，我们建议进行以下研究：研究1： 运动时局部脑激活的fMRI实验研究 听觉和视觉工作记忆任务。这项研究旨在 确定酗酒者是否表现出皮层激活的模式 工作记忆与对照组中观察到的不同，以及 潜在的结构性缺陷是否会影响功能磁共振成像的模式 激活。研究2：大脑半球视觉ERP和NP实验 为评估语料库的功能意义而设计的传输时间 膝盖骨变薄。研究3：继续我们正在进行的纵向 对酗酒和对照女性的研究。这项研究旨在确定 节制和损失的横截面模式及其与年龄的交互作用 以及它们与酗酒男子的研究结果的可比性。横截面 将对发现进行纵向检查，以确定它们之间的相互作用 与饮酒和正常的衰老过程有关，并评估 赤字在多大程度上清醒地正常化或加剧 继续喝酒。研究4：在新的样本中进行新的纵向研究 老年酗酒者和他们的对照，以扩大，与 精细的解剖和新的功能测量，更早的发现。