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Nationalizing ethnicity: museums and the representation of cultural difference in Taiwan and China

民族化：博物馆与台湾和中国文化差异的表现

基本信息

批准号：
AH/H040005/1
负责人：
Marzia Varutti
金额：
$ 7.01万
依托单位：
University of Leicester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2010 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FH040005%2F1
关键词：
Nationalizing ethnicity museums representation cultural

项目摘要

The project investigates the negotiation of cultural difference in the museums of Taiwan through the analysis of the representation of Aborigine groups. The research builds and extends on previous research on Chinese museums, which provides the framework for a comparative China-Taiwan perspective.As privileged sites for the representation of collective identities and the construction of notions of belonging, museums as few other institutions can capture the transformations affecting cultural identities in contemporary multicultural societies. In Taiwan, such processes are exceptionally complex. The material culture of Taiwanese Aborigines figures prominently not only in the museums of Taiwan, but also in the Shanghai Museum and the National Museum of Palau. Why have Taiwanese Aborigines become so prominent in a variety of museums in Taiwan? How are the meanings of Aborigine material culture appropriated, negotiated and transformed in museums? And what do these modes of representation tell us about the role of museum displays of cultural difference in the making of local, national and regional identities?These questions gain saliency when considering that Taiwan Aborigines and their material culture are at the core of at least 3 simultaneous processes: i) Aborigine's claims to political recognition and self-empowerment; ii) the 'nationalization' of Aborigine identity as a result of Aborigines' incorporation into the master narrative of the Taiwanese nation; iii) the strategic positioning of Taiwan in the Pacific through discourses on the Austronesian origins of Aborigines, also serving Taiwan's claims to cultural independence from mainland China. In such a context, the representation of Aborigine material culture in museums is entangled in the making of indigenous, national and regional identities.The research aims to provide an original and timely contribution to the understanding of the social and political stakes associated with the museum representation of indigenous groups. It will do so by developing a theoretical framework to investigate, through the prism of museums, the relation between indigenous groups and the nation in the under-researched yet unique case study of Taiwan.Building on the analysis of data collected during fieldwork in Taiwan, the research will:- contribute to the understanding of museums' role in post-colonial, multicultural societies by making apparent the agency of museums in negotiations of authority between the State and Aborigines;- further the investigation of non-Western museological models by revealing indigenous museum epistemologies;- enhance the understanding of the cultural foundations of Taiwanese nationalism;Research findings will be disseminated through: 2 peer-reviewed articles addressing an interdisciplinary academic audience; 1 article addressing museum professionals; 3 seminar presentations. A grant application for future research in Taiwan will be submitted to the AHRC Research Grants-Early Career Researchers.The fellowship will be held at the School of Museum Studies, University of Leicester, where I am currently an Honorary Visiting Fellow. The School has been chosen for 1) research excellence: in 2008, the RAE rated it as having the greatest cluster of world-leading researchers of any discipline in any UK University; 2) relevance of research in my areas of interest: material culture and cultural representation, museums and communities, and museums in East Asia; and 3) broad network of links, in the UK and internationally, with museums and universities. I am enthusiastic about the opportunity to be mentored by Dr. Sandell, who has made key contributions to debates on museums, inequality and social inclusion, and has extensive experience in supervising doctoral students working on Taiwanese museums.In consideration of the above, the School of Museum Studies willprovide the optimal institutional and intellectual support to develop my academic career.

本计画透过原住民族群的代表性分析，探讨台湾博物馆文化差异的协商。本研究是在前人对中国博物馆研究的基础上建立和延伸，提供了一个比较大陆-台湾视角的框架。作为代表集体身份和构建归属感概念的特权场所，博物馆作为少数其他机构能够捕捉到影响当代多元文化社会中文化身份的转变。在台湾，这一过程异常复杂。台湾原住民的物质文化不仅在台湾的博物馆中占有突出的地位，在上海博物馆和帕劳国家博物馆中也占有突出的地位。为什么台湾原住民在台湾的各种博物馆中如此突出？在博物馆中，土著物质文化的意义是如何被挪用、协商和转化的？这些表现方式告诉我们，博物馆展示文化差异在形成地方、国家和地区身份方面的作用是什么？当考虑到台湾原住民及其物质文化至少同时处于三个过程的核心时，这些问题变得尤为突出：1)原住民对政治承认和自我赋权的要求；ii)原住民身份的“民族化”，因为原住民被纳入台湾民族的主叙事；iii)台湾在太平洋的战略定位，通过对土著南岛起源的论述，也为台湾主张文化独立于中国大陆服务。在这样的背景下，博物馆中土著物质文化的表现与土著、民族和地区身份的形成纠缠在一起。该研究旨在为理解与土著群体的博物馆代表性相关的社会和政治利害关系提供原创和及时的贡献。它将通过发展一个理论框架，通过博物馆的棱镜，在研究不足但独特的台湾案例研究中，调查土著群体与国家之间的关系。本研究将以在台湾实地考察时所收集的资料分析为基础，透过明确博物馆在国家与原住民之间的权力谈判中所扮演的角色，有助于了解博物馆在后殖民、多元文化社会中的角色；-通过揭示本土博物馆认识论，进一步研究非西方博物馆学模式；研究成果将通过以下方式传播：2篇针对跨学科学术受众的同行评审文章；1篇针对博物馆专业人士的文章；3次研讨会演讲。未来在台湾的研究经费申请将提交给AHRC研究补助金-早期职业研究人员。该奖学金将在莱斯特大学博物馆研究学院举行，我目前是该学院的荣誉访问学者。学院被评为：1)卓越的研究：2008年，RAE将其评为拥有英国所有大学中任何学科中世界领先的研究人员最多的学院；2)与我感兴趣的领域相关的研究：物质文化与文化表征、博物馆与社区、东亚博物馆；3)在英国和国际上与博物馆和大学建立广泛的联系网络。我很高兴能有机会得到Sandell博士的指导，他在博物馆、不平等和社会包容的辩论中做出了重要贡献，并在指导台湾博物馆博士生方面拥有丰富的经验。综上所述，博物馆研究学院将为我的学术生涯发展提供最佳的制度和智力支持。