CELLULAR MECHANISMS OF VOCAL LEARNING IN SONGBIRDS

鸣禽发声学习的细胞机制

• 批准号: 6186512
• 负责人: DAVID J PERKEL
• 金额: $ 18.32万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-08-01 至 2002-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6186512
• 关键词: AMPA receptors; NMDA receptors; age difference; animal communication behavior; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; behavioral /social science research tag; biotin; brain mapping; cell type; membrane potentials; memory; neural plasticity; receptor expression; sensorimotor system; silver impregnation; songbirds; synapses; vocalization; voltage /patch clamp

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): Vocal learning in songbirds is a unique, experimentally accessible model of human vocal learning that exemplifies the general process of motor learning. A male songbird learns his song by first memorizing his father's song, and later using auditory feedback to match his own song to the memory of his father's song. When a good match is achieved, the song becomes highly stereotyped and less dependent on auditory feedback. Forebrain nucleus RA is implicated as a site of plasticity for song learning because: (i) it receives convergent motor input from nucleus HVc and auditory input from nucleus L-MAN; (ii) the HVcRA connection is first formed at the onset of song practicing; (iii) and input for L-MAN, which is that nucleus' sole output to the motor system, is crucial for learning, but not for adult song production. Numerous collaterals within RA also contribute the majority of excitatory connections to RA neurons. My working hypothesis is that vocalization driven auditory activity in L-MAN guides selection of motor connections in RA through synaptic enhancement or depression and that this plasticity disappears or becomes substantially reduced after song crystallization. This proposal will (1) measure developmental changes in basic properties of synaptic connections in the L-MAN RA, HVc RA and RA RA pathways using whole cell patch clamp recording in brain slices; (2) determine activity patterns in the three pathways that elicit changes in synaptic strength; and (3) compare plasticity in slices prepared from juveniles and from adults. These studies will be the first to examine a role for changes in synaptic strength in learning of a complex vocal behavior. Progress in illuminating mechanisms underlying plasticity in this system will further our long-term goal of understanding more general mechanisms of learning in the central nervous system.

描述（根据申请人的摘要改编）： 鸣禽是一种独特的，实验可访问的人类声乐模型 学习体现了运动学习的一般过程。 男性 鸣禽通过首次记住父亲的歌，从而了解他的歌，然后 使用听觉反馈将自己的歌与父亲的纪念匹配 歌曲。 当实现良好的比赛时，这首歌就变得高度刻板 更少依赖听觉反馈。 前脑核与RA有关 作为歌曲学习的可塑性网站，因为：（i）它收到 核HVC的收敛电动机输入和核的听觉输入 L-Man; （ii）HVCRA连接首先是在歌曲开始时形成的 练习； （iii）和L-Man的输入，这是Nucleus的唯一输出 电机系统对于学习至关重要，但对于成人歌曲而不是 生产。 RA内的许多抵押品也贡献了大多数 与RA神经元的兴奋性联系。 我的工作假设是 L-Man指南的发声驱动的听觉活动选择了电动机的选择 通过突触增强或抑郁症的RA连接，这是 歌曲后，可塑性消失或大幅降低 结晶。 该提案将（1）衡量的发展变化 L-Man RA，HVC RA和RA RA中突触连接的基本特性 使用全细胞斑块夹在大脑切片中记录的途径； （2） 确定引起变化的三个途径中的活动模式 突触强度； （3）比较从制备的切片中的可塑性 少年和成人。 这些研究将是第一个检查 突触力量变化在学习复杂声音中的作用 行为。 在此启发可塑性的照明机制方面的进展 系统将进一步理解更一般的长期目标 中枢神经系统学习机制。