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Tibetan in Digital Communication: Corpus Linguistics and Lexicography

数字传播中的藏语：语料库语言学和词典学

基本信息

批准号：
AH/J00152X/1
负责人：
Ulrich Pagel
金额：
$ 57.16万
依托单位：
School of Oriental and African Studies
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FJ00152X%2F1
关键词：
Tibetan Digital Communication Corpus Linguistics

项目摘要

In age, breadth and diversity of genre, Tibetan literature is in every way comparable to English. The Tibetan alphabet was invented in 650 CE. The earliest currently available securely dateable document dates to ca. 763 CE. Literary production has continued from that time unabated until today. Yet, the lexicographical resources of Tibetan are very inadequate and vastly inferior to what is available to English speakers. In total, students of Tibetan can draw on about a dozen dictionaries, most for Classical Tibetan. The scope of these lexicons tends to be poorly defined, and none of them meets the standards of scientific lexicography. Moreover, there is not a single work that covers the earliest period of Tibetan literature, Old Tibetan (650-1000 CE). The corpus and tools we propose to create will serve as the first step to advance the compilation of a comprehensive historical Tibetan dictionary akin to the Oxford English Dictionary.In order to achieve this, we propose to produce a large corpus of Tibetan texts spanning the language's entire history, drawn from Old, Classical and Modern Tibetan. In the past, scholars used laborious collections of slips organised and stored in vast filing cabinets in order to compile large dictionaries. Advances in computational linguistics mean that this work can now be achieved more thoroughly and effectively through the creation of annotated digital corpora. But our corpus, once carefully analysed and tagged, will not only pave the way for the compilation of Tibetan dictionaries of hitherto inconceivable calibre, but it will also prepare the ground for a wide range of other significant research initiatives. By mounting it on the Web, scholars from a wide range of disciplines (history, religion, literature, linguistics, etc.) working with Tibetan language materials will be able to search it and use its content for their own research. It is thus likely to become foundational to a vast array of research initiatives, benefiting many different constituencies in academia.Outside academia, in the modern world of electronic communication, our corpus will lay the foundation for the creation of new digital technologies for Tibetan (text messaging, automated translation, etc.). The high investment required to develop language software leaves languages without commercial or political power isolated and poorly resourced. Digital communication technologies are built on basic language processing tools (eg, word-segmentation programmes, part-of-speech taggers) of the very type we propose to create. Our work will reduce the cost to develop such technologies and thus attract commercial interest. Although Tibetan is spoken by more than two million people, it is barely represented in electronic media as a spoken language. We seek to remedy this by creating an electronic resource that will restore to Tibetans, irrespective of their residence or adopted nationality, the choice to use their language as they see fit in a world that is increasingly shaped by digital communication.

西藏文学在年代、广度和体裁多样性上都可以与英语文学相媲美。藏文字母是在公元650年发明的。目前最早的可安全标注日期的文档可以追溯到ca。公元763年。文学创作从那时起一直延续到今天。然而，藏语的词典资源非常不足，远远不如英语使用者所能获得的。总的来说，学习藏语的学生可以利用大约十几本字典，大多数是古典藏语。这些词典的范围往往定义不清，没有一个符合科学词典学的标准。此外，没有一部作品涵盖了西藏文学的最早时期，旧西藏（公元650-1000年）。我们建议创建的语料库和工具将作为推动编纂一部类似于《牛津英语词典》的综合性历史藏文词典的第一步。为了实现这一目标，我们建议制作一个涵盖藏文整个历史的大型语料库，包括古藏文、古典藏文和现代藏文。在过去，学者们为了编纂大型字典，需要费力地收集整理并存放在巨大的档案柜中的简牍。计算语言学的进步意味着这项工作现在可以通过创建带注释的数字语料库来更彻底、更有效地实现。但是，我们的语料库，一旦仔细分析和标记，将不仅为迄今难以想象的口径藏文词典的编纂铺平道路，但它也将为广泛的其他重大研究举措奠定基础。通过将其安装在网络上，来自广泛学科（历史，宗教，文学，语言学等）的学者使用藏文材料的工作人员将能够搜索它并将其内容用于自己的研究。因此，它很可能成为一系列研究计划的基础，使学术界的许多不同群体受益。在学术界之外，在电子通信的现代世界中，我们的语料库将为创造藏文新的数字技术（短信，自动翻译等）奠定基础。开发语言软件所需的高额投资使没有商业或政治力量的语言孤立起来，资源匮乏。数字通信技术是建立在基本的语言处理工具（例如，分词程序，词性标注器）的非常类型，我们建议创建。我们的工作将降低开发此类技术的成本，从而吸引商业兴趣。虽然有超过200万人说藏语，但它在电子媒体上几乎没有作为口头语言出现。我们试图通过创建一个电子资源来解决这个问题，这个电子资源将恢复藏人，无论他们的居住地或国籍如何，在一个日益被数字通信塑造的世界中，选择使用他们认为合适的语言。