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Taverns, locals and street corners: cross-chronological studies in community drinking, regulation and public space

酒馆、当地人和街角：社区饮酒、监管和公共空间的跨年代研究

基本信息

批准号：
AH/J006610/1
负责人：
Fabrizio Nevola
金额：
$ 10.14万
依托单位：
University of Bath
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FJ006610%2F1
关键词：
Taverns locals street corners cross

项目摘要

The image of communities of binge drinkers in city centres is a familiar one, portrayed in the media as a crisis of our culture and of our time. With this project we ask: was it ever thus? Are patterns of drinking with people congregating in public spaces late at night, sold alcohol by commercial enterprises and revelling new or are these familiar and recurring practices and representations of drinking and of competing communities. Can we investigate past times and places to discover whether these spatial, cultural and economic patterns have their distinct roots in individual localities and communities or are there are resonating themes and behaviours across communities? In particular, is the performance of drinking, notions of community spectacle and carnival still part of modern drinking culture? Conversely are the practical and 'every day' questions for community policy and practice on drinking and anti-social behaviour in public spaces today also resonant for the past?To answer these questions, this research project will investigate three different places, three different periods, three different pursuits. Place and period are united through three case studies, while pursuits offer a unifying set of themes through each case study: profit (sellers of food and drink), pleasure (consumers) and policing (social controls). The first two case studies are historical. Case 1 considers 16-17th century Florence; using primarily administrative sources it will map the city's most prominent taverns and the streetscapes around them to understand their crucial place in the community. Case 2 looks at 18th Century London where the widespread outcry around public drinking was matched by the public championing of the value of commerce and sociability that public drinking also implies. We will ask the sources: how important were drinking places in attempts to define communities and class behaviours? To what extent was this effective, resisted, and how it did change the actual sociability of the tavern and its place in neighbourhood/community life?The third study is contemporary; a questionnaire will be used to collect research data and will form the basis of semi-structured interviews with policy makers and practitioners in Bristol today. While Bristol's city centre was made a 'no street drinking zone' in 2004, alcohol is routinely served in large-scale, commercial drinking establishments. This has implications both for how and where drinkers congregate and affects our understandings of conviviality and connectedness and what constitutes 'anti-social' behaviour in the community.In formulating our research questions for past and present we will work closely with our collaborators - the Centre for Cities - and other policy-makers and practitioner networks in our advisory group, scoping the research, reviewing the historical data, developing the questionnaire and disseminating results. Our final dissemination event will bring in participants from PI and CI Connected Community projects: urban designers, planners, the police, private security guards, public health officials, community stakeholder groups (see Impact). In so doing it will develop further the 'cross-historical' method developed by the PI, Fabrizio Nevola, in earlier AHRC funded research on 'Street Life and Street Culture'. In these ways, the project aims to advance a distinctive 'Connected Communities' approach, building interdisciplinarity and connections with 'the real world' from the ground up, rather than including these retrospectively.This pilot demonstrator aims to produce an innovative, comparative, trans-historical understanding of competing communities (commercial, local authorities, residential, drinkers) in civic public spaces. Our research findings, which will also be presented in the form of GIS-based map visualisations, will be made available through a project website, a dissemination event, policy briefing paper, and two co-authored academic papers.

城市中心的酗酒者社区的形象是一个熟悉的形象，媒体将其描绘为我们文化和时代的危机。在这个项目中，我们问：它曾经是这样的吗？是深夜与人们聚集在公共场所喝酒的模式，是商业企业出售的酒精饮料，是新的狂欢，还是这些熟悉和反复出现的做法，以及饮酒和竞争社区的代表。我们是否可以调查过去的时间和地点，以发现这些空间、文化和经济模式是否在个别地方和社区有其独特的根源，或者是否在整个社区有共鸣的主题和行为？特别是，饮酒表演、社区景观和狂欢节的概念仍然是现代饮酒文化的一部分吗？相反，今天在公共场所饮酒和反社会行为的社区政策和实践的实际和“日常”问题是否也与过去产生了共鸣？为了回答这些问题，这个研究项目将调查三个不同的地方，三个不同的时期，三个不同的追求。通过三个案例研究，地点和时期是统一的，而追求通过每个案例研究提供了一套统一的主题：利润（食品和饮料的销售商），快乐（消费者）和警务（社会控制）。前两个案例研究是历史性的。案例1考虑了16- 17世纪的世纪佛罗伦萨;主要使用行政来源，它将绘制城市最著名的酒馆及其周围的街景，以了解它们在社区中的重要地位。案例2着眼于18世纪世纪的伦敦，在那里，公众对公共饮酒的广泛抗议与公众对公共饮酒所暗示的商业和社交价值的拥护相匹配。我们将询问这些资料来源：在试图定义社区和阶级行为时，饮酒场所有多重要？这在多大程度上是有效的，抵制，以及它如何改变了酒馆的实际社交性及其在邻里/社区生活中的地位？第三项研究是当代的;将使用一份调查问卷来收集研究数据，并将构成今天在布里斯托与决策者和从业者进行半结构化访谈的基础。虽然布里斯托的市中心在2004年被定为“禁止街头饮酒区”，但大型商业饮酒场所通常都提供酒精饮料。这对饮酒者聚集的方式和地点都有影响，并影响我们对欢乐和连通性的理解，以及什么构成了社区中的“反社会”行为。在制定我们过去和现在的研究问题时，我们将与我们的合作者-城市中心-以及我们咨询小组中的其他政策制定者和从业者网络密切合作，确定研究范围，审查历史数据，编制调查问卷并传播调查结果。我们最后的传播活动将吸引来自PI和CI连接社区项目的参与者：城市设计师，规划师，警察，私人保安，公共卫生官员，社区利益相关者团体（见影响）。在这样做的过程中，它将进一步发展PI开发的“跨历史”方法，Fabrizio Nevola，在早期AHRC资助的“街头生活和街头文化”研究中。通过这些方式，该项目旨在推进一种独特的“互联社区”方法，从底层开始建立跨学科和与“真实的世界”的联系，而不是回顾性地包括这些。这个试点示范者旨在对城市公共空间中的竞争社区（商业、地方当局、住宅、饮酒者）产生一种创新的、比较的、跨历史的理解。我们的研究成果，这也将在基于GIS的地图可视化的形式，将通过项目网站，传播活动，政策简报文件，和两个共同撰写的学术论文提供。