Turbulent priests: the problem of royal jurisdiction over the religious, 743-1215

动荡的牧师：王室对宗教的管辖权问题，743​​-1215

• 批准号: AH/L010623/1
• 负责人: Charles West
• 金额: $ 18.49万
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FL010623%2F1
• 关键词: Turbulent; priests; problem; royal; jurisdiction

As Christian societies in lands that had formed part of the Western Roman Empire began to re-organise and restructure in the early Middle Ages, their leaders were faced with a persistent and important problem: what kind of power could kings and emperors exercise over those entrusted with formal roles within the Church? This research project explores this question by examining the issue of jurisdiction. Rulership was closely associated with providing justice in the Middle Ages, exemplified by the tradition of producing codes of law, but bishops, priests and monks all claimed various degrees of equally well-established exemption from royal (secular) justice. Given the importance of the Church in medieval European society, and the centrality of law to ideas of authority, much hung on the resolution of the issue.Beginning with the rise of the Carolingian family in the eighth century, a rise closely associated with the reforming ideology promoted by figures such as the Englishman Saint Boniface (d. 755), and continuing through to the emergence in the thirteenth century of a papacy that could plausibly claim a degree of control over Latin Christendom, I shall chart how contemporaries argued about the issue of the jurisdiction of kings and their secular agents over clerics and monks, both on the European mainland, from Francia to Italy, and in England. I shall also use surviving documentary records, published and archival, to investigate how those theoretical arguments related to what actually happened in practice (and vice versa), in order to improve our comprehension of a still poorly-understood topic.At stake is the potential to contribute towards the resolution of some pressing historical problems. To what extent did the Gregorian Reform, associated with Pope Gregory VII, mark the emergence of the Church as an independent historical force, and so represent a sharp break in western Christian history? Studying the practices of and arguments around royal jurisdiction over clerics before, during and after that reforming moment will provide a means of assessing historical claims of this nature. Can the history of western Christianity be told as one of subtly, steadily increasing secularisation, a process inherent to the religion that laid the foundations for a secular modernity, as some historians and others have recently argued (e.g. Gauchet)? Investigating how boundaries were produced between those classed as formally part of the church and those classed as for these purposes outside it will offer a means of assessing this influential narrative from an empirical angle. Did the limits placed upon royal authority in this period by ecclesiastical restrictions on jurisdiction over ordained clerics and monks contribute meaningfully to the remarkably enduring political fragmentation of the Latin West, a fragmentation that persisted despite the strong bonds of shared culture, history and religion, and prestigious Roman traditions of wide-ranging rule? These are questions of significant scope and importance, whose answers, rooted at least partially in the early Middle Ages, this project will help to uncover.

在中世纪早期，在西罗马帝国的土地上，基督教社会开始重新组织和重组，他们的领导人面临着一个持续而重要的问题：国王和皇帝可以对教会中被赋予正式角色的人行使什么样的权力？本研究项目通过审查管辖权问题来探讨这一问题。在中世纪，统治者与提供正义密切相关，例如制定法典的传统，但主教、牧师和僧侣都声称不同程度地享有同样完善的皇家（世俗）司法豁免权。鉴于教会在中世纪欧洲社会中的重要性，以及法律在权威观念中的中心地位，这一问题的解决有很大的关系。从世纪开始，英格兰王室家族的兴起与英国人圣博尼法斯（Saint Boniface，1840年去世）等人物推动的改革意识形态密切相关。755），并继续通过出现在13世纪的教皇，可以合理地要求一定程度的控制拉丁基督教世界，我将图表如何同时代人争论的问题，国王及其世俗代理人对神职人员和僧侣，无论是在欧洲大陆，从法兰克到意大利，并在英格兰。我还将利用现存的文献记录，包括出版的和存档的，来研究这些理论论点与实际发生的事情之间的关系（反之亦然），以提高我们对一个仍然缺乏理解的主题的理解，这关系到为解决一些紧迫的历史问题做出贡献的潜力。与教皇格列高利七世有关的格列高利改革在多大程度上标志着教会作为一种独立的历史力量的出现，从而代表了西方基督教历史上的一个急剧突破？研究的做法和论点周围皇家管辖权的神职人员之前，期间和之后，改革的时刻将提供一种手段，评估历史索赔的这种性质。西方基督教的历史是否可以被描述为一个微妙的、稳步增长的世俗化过程，这是一个宗教固有的过程，为世俗的现代性奠定了基础，正如一些历史学家和其他人最近所争论的那样（例如Gauchet）？调查那些被归类为教会正式成员的人和那些被归类为教会之外的人之间的界限是如何产生的，将提供一种从经验角度评估这种有影响力的叙述的方法。在这一时期，教会对神职人员和僧侣的管辖权限制了皇家的权威，这是否对拉丁美洲西部持久的政治分裂起到了重要作用？尽管有共同的文化、历史和宗教的强大纽带，以及享有盛誉的罗马广泛统治传统，这种分裂仍然存在？这些问题的重要性和重要性，其答案，至少部分植根于中世纪早期，这个项目将有助于揭示。

项目成果

Religious exemption in pre-modern Eurasia, c. 300-c.1300

前现代欧亚大陆的宗教豁免，c。

• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Medieval Worlds
• 作者: West, C

Religious Exemption in Pre-Modern Eurasia, c. 300 - 1300 CE: Introduction

前现代欧亚大陆的宗教豁免，c。

• DOI: 10.1553/medievalworlds_no6_2017s2
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Medieval Worlds
• 作者: West C

Monks, Aristocrats, and Justice: Twelfth-Century Monastic Advocacy in a European Perspective

僧侣、贵族和正义：欧洲视角下的十二世纪修道院倡导

• DOI: 10.1086/690661
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Speculum
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: West C

"Fratres, omni die videtis cum vadit istud regnum in perdicionem": Abbo of Saint-Germain and the Crisis of 888

“Fratres, omni die videtis cum vadit istud regnum in perdicionem”：圣日耳曼神父和 888 年危机

• DOI: 10.6092/1593-2214/521
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: RETI MEDIEVALI RIVISTA
• 影响因子: 0.2
• 作者: West Charles

Exploring minor clerics in early medieval Tuscany

探索中世纪早期托斯卡纳的小神职人员

• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Reti Medievali Rivista
• 影响因子: 0.2
• 作者: Stone R